When two phases of a substance, such as a liquid and a gas, are in thermal equilibrium, this equation gives the relationship between the heat of absorption q when a unit mass is quasi-statically transferred from the first phase to the second phase at a constant temperature, and the temperature T (absolute temperature), pressure p , and the specific volumes v1 and v2 of the first and second phases at that time. It is expressed as q = T ( dp / dT ) ( v2 - v1 ) . Note that the derivative is along the coexistence curve. This equation was first derived by B. Clapeyron from the standpoint of the caloric theory, and later correctly derived by R. Clausius using thermodynamics. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
液体と気体など,物質の二つの相が熱平衡にある場合に,温度一定の下で第1の相から第2の相へ準静的に単位質量を転移させたときの吸収熱qと,そのときの温度T(絶対温度),圧力p,第1,第2の相の比体積v1,v2との関係を与える式。q=T(dp/dT)(v2-v1)と表される。ただし,微分は,共存曲線に沿ってのものである。この式は最初B.クラペイロンが熱素説の立場から導いたもので,後に,R.クラウジウスによって熱力学を用いて正しく導かれた。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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