SM Kirov, a member of the Politburo and Secretariat of the Soviet Communist Party, and First Secretary of the Leningrad Party organization, was shot to death at Smolny in December 1934. This incident is known as the direct catalyst for the Great Purges in the late 1930s. Kirov was a party official loyal to the mainstream faction who was promoted to leader of Leningrad in late 1925, replacing the new oppositionist Zinoviev. In the agrarian and political crisis of 1932-1933, which had intensified since the collectivization of the late 1920s, he was believed to be a leader with a moderate policy, and at the 17th Party Congress in 1934 he was seen as a political leader who could replace General Secretary Stalin. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
ソビエト共産党政治局員,書記局員で,レニングラードの党組織の第一書記でもあったS.M.キーロフが,1934年12月にスモーリヌイで射殺された事件。1930年代後半の大粛清の直接の契機となったことで知られる。キーロフは新反対派のジノビエフに代わって,1925年末以後レニングラードの指導者に抜擢された,党主流派に忠実な党官僚であった。そして20年代末からの集団化以後深刻化した32‐33年の農業・政治危機のなかで,彼は穏健な方針を有する指導者であると信じられ,34年の第17回党大会においてはスターリン書記長に代わりうる政治指導者に擬せられていた。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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