American photographer. In the 1960s, she used documentary techniques to photograph anonymous people on the streets and create photographs that delved into the innermost psyche of modern people, opening up new horizons in contemporary photography. Born into a wealthy merchant family in New York, she began taking photographs after marrying a photographer, and after her divorce she studied under female documentary photographer Lisette Model (1901-1983) and began her career as a photographer in earnest. Arbus sought out various figures on the streets of urban areas and in suburban residential areas, and attempted to extract the evil hidden in the human heart through her photographs. Her works, which stare at abnormal and deformed lives, shocked the photography world. In 1967, at the "New Documents" exhibition held by the Museum of Modern Art in New York, he was featured alongside Lee Friedlander (1934-) and Garry Winogrand (1928-1984), who demonstrated to society the nature of documentary photography as an art form, and gained widespread popularity. However, from the late 1960s onwards, he gradually lost emotional stability, and in 1971 he suddenly committed suicide with a handgun. A major retrospective of his work was held at the same museum in 1972. [Osamu Hiraki] "Like a Fire - Photographer Diane Arbus" by Patricia Bosworth, translated by Ichiro Myodani (1990, Bungeishunju) [References] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
アメリカの写真家。1960年代、無名の人々を路上で撮影するなど、ドキュメンタリー技法で現代人の精神の内奥をえぐる写真作品を制作、発表し、現代写真に新たな境地を開いた。ニューヨークの裕福な商家に生まれ、カメラマンと結婚したのを機に写真を始め、離婚後女性ドキュメンタリー写真家のリゼット・モデルLisette Model(1901―1983)に師事、本格的に写真家として歩み始める。アーバスは、市街地の路上や、近郊住宅地にさまざまな人物像を求め、写真で人間の心に潜む邪悪さを摘出しようとした。異常な生、異形(いぎょう)の生を凝視するその作品は写真界に衝撃を与えた。1967年にニューヨーク近代美術館が開催した「ニュードキュメンツ」展で、フリードランダーLee Friedlander(1934― )、ウィノグランドGarry Winogrand(1928―1984)とともに、芸術としてのドキュメンタリー写真のあり方を社会に示し、幅広い人気を獲得する。しかし1960年代後半からしだいに情緒の安定を失い、1971年に突然短銃自殺を遂げた。1972年同美術館で大回顧展が開催された。 [平木 収] 『パトリシア・ボズワース著、名谷一郎訳『炎のごとく――写真家ダイアン・アーバス』(1990・文芸春秋)』 [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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