King Gongmin (English: King Gongmin-wang)

Japanese: 恭愍王 - きょうびんおう（英語表記）Kongmin-wang

[Born] King Chunghye 17 (1330)
[Died] King Gongmin 23 (1374)
The 31st king of Goryeo, Korea (reigned 1352-74). His name was Wang Sen. His posthumous name was King Gyeonghyo the Great. He was the son of King Chungsuk. His wife was Princess Noguk of the Yuan Dynasty. The king's reign was at the end of the Goryeo Dynasty, when the Mongolian power (Yuan Empire) that had ruled Goryeo for a long time was also declining. However, the king himself had been under the rule of the Yuan Dynasty from his childhood to his youth, so he had a strong resentment towards the Yuan Dynasty. After ascending to the throne, he stopped using the Yuan era name, restored the old government system, and even sent troops to transfer the Ssangseong So Government to Goryeo control, thus implementing a thorough anti-Yuan policy. In China, the Red Turban Rebellion (→Red Turban Army) broke out during the rule of the Yuan Dynasty, and some of the rebels invaded Korea and sacked Kaesong, but the king ordered Yi Seong-gye and others to repel them. In his later years, he favored the monk Shinton (dharma name Henjo) and caused political turmoil, and in the 24th year of his reign, he was assassinated by the eunuch Choe Manseong and others. He excelled in painting and is counted among the leading painters of the Goryeo Dynasty.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]忠恵王17(1330)
[没]恭愍王23(1374)
朝鮮，高麗の第 31代の王 (在位 1352～74) 。名は王せん。諡は敬孝大王。忠粛王の子。夫人は元の魯国公主。王の時代は高麗の末期にあたり，長期間高麗を支配していたモンゴル勢力 (元帝国) も衰えていたが，王自身幼少時代から青年期にかけて元朝の支配下にあったため，元に対する反感が強く，即位すると元の年号の使用をやめ官制なども旧に復し，さらに軍隊を派遣して双城摠管府を高麗支配に移すなど徹底した反元政策をとった。中国では元朝治下に紅巾の反乱 (→紅巾軍 ) が起り，一部は朝鮮に侵入して開京を陥れたが，王は李成桂らに命じてこれを退けた。晩年は僧辛とん (法名遍照) を重用して政治の混乱を招き，在位 24年目に宦官崔万生らに殺害された。画にすぐれ，高麗朝の代表的画家に数えられる。

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