Etymologically, it comes from dogma, which refers to a doctrine that is authoritatively given by the church and summarized concisely as eternal truth. In general, it means a rigid way of thinking that clings to existing authoritative doctrines and propositions as unchanging truths that are valid at any time and under any conditions, and lacks creative development under concrete conditions or critical examination based on new experience, but is particularly used as a term for Marxism. In this case, it refers to an attitude that fails to creatively apply the principles of Marxism to concrete and historical situations and the special conditions of each country, or to actively develop them based on historical experience born from social practice, but clings to individual words of Marx, Engels, and Lenin that are superficially understood, or mechanically imports the views of foreign parties and leaders. It is an opposing concept to empiricism and revisionism, but like them, it is a form of subjectivism, and organizationally it leads to sectarianism. [Mitsuyoshi Ikeda] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
語源的には、教会によって権威づけられ、永久の真理として簡潔にまとめられた教義をさす教条(ドグマ)に由来する。一般には、既成の権威ある教説や命題などに、いついかなる条件のもとでも妥当する不変の真理として固執し、具体的な条件のもとでの創造的な発展や、新しい経験に基づく批判的検討などを欠いた硬直した思考態度を意味するが、とくにマルクス主義の用語として用いられる。この場合、マルクス主義の原則を具体的・歴史的情勢や各国の特殊な条件に創造的に適用したり、社会的実践から生まれる歴史的経験に基づいて積極的に発展させることを怠り、皮相に理解されたマルクス、エンゲルス、レーニンの個々の字句にしがみついたり、外国の党や指導者の見解を機械的に持ち込んだりする態度をさす。経験主義や修正主義と対立概念をなすが、これらと同様に主観主義の一形態であり、組織的にはセクト主義につながる。 [池田光義] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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