Guyau, Jean Marie

Japanese: ギュイヨー（英語表記）Guyau， Jean Marie

Born: October 28, 1854 in Laval
[Died] March 31, 1888. Menton. French moral and religious philosopher and aesthetician. One of the leading figures in the philosophy of life. At the age of 19, he was awarded the Academie des Sciences Morals et Politicales, and the following year he lectured at the Condorcet School. He died at the early age of 33 due to heart disease, but he left behind important works in the fields of morality, art, religion, and education. In his major work, Esquisse d'une morale sans obligation ni sanction (1885), he based his criticism of evolutionary theory on the creative and altruistic power of life as the principle of morality, and developed the idea of the power of ideas of his father-in-law, A. Feuillet. In L'Art au point de vue sociologique (89), he regarded beauty as an expression of the power of life, and argued that art allows us to participate in universal life, and that art should be considered within society, which is a place where life expands, thus opening up new ground in the history of aesthetics. His theory of morality and religion influenced Nietzsche, and his "Discourse on Time" (90) was the precursor of Bergson. As a poet he wrote "Verse d'un philosophe" (81). His other works include "The Irréligion of the Avenir" (87) and "Education et hérédité" (89).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1854.10.28. ラバル
[没]1888.3.31. マントン
フランスの道徳宗教哲学者，美学者。生の哲学を代表する一人。 19歳で道徳政治科学アカデミー賞を受賞し，翌年コンドルセ高校で哲学を講じた。胸を病み 33歳で夭折したが，道徳，芸術，宗教，教育の分野に重要な著作を残した。主著『義務も制裁もなき道徳』 Esquisse d'une morale sans obligation ni sanction (1885) で彼は，進化論の批判に立脚して創造的で利他的な生の力を道徳の原理とし，義父 A.フイエの観念力の思想を発展させた。『社会学の立場より見た芸術』L'Art au point de vue sociologique (89) では美を生の力の表現とみ，芸術によってわれわれは普遍的生にあずかるとして，生の拡張の場である社会のなかで芸術を考察すべきことを主張して美学史上新境地を開いた。彼の道徳論，宗教論はニーチェに影響を与え，『時間論』 La genèse de l'idée de temps (90) はベルグソンに先駆した。また詩人として"Vers d'un philosophe" (81) を残している。他の著作"L'irréligion de l'avenir" (87) ，"Education et hérédité" (89) 。

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