A carboxylic acid belonging to the tricyclic diterpene group, it exists as the main component of rosin. When the trunks of pine trees are injured, they secrete sap, which gradually solidifies and becomes a resin (also called oleoresin or balsam). When this is distilled with steam to extract turpentine, and the remaining resin acid mixture (also called colopony or rosin) is distilled with superheated steam, diterpenoid resin acid (abietic acid) is obtained as crystals. It is insoluble in water, but dissolves in alcohol, benzene, and chloroform. It is used as a drying agent for lacquers and varnishes, and as a growth promoter for lactic acid yeast. The methyl ester is used as a solvent for varnishes, lacquers, and linoleum. The calcium salt is used as a waterproofing agent, in leather tanning, and in papermaking. [Kikumasa Sato] [References] | | | | | | [Additional information] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
三環式ジテルペンに属するカルボン酸でロジンの主成分として存在している。マツ科植物の樹幹を傷つけると樹液を分泌し、しだいに固化して樹脂(オレオレジン、バルサムともいう)となる。これを水蒸気蒸留してテレビン油を溜出させ、残った樹脂酸混合物(コロポニイ、ロジンともいう)を過熱水蒸気で蒸留すると、ジテルペノイド樹脂酸(アビエチン酸)が結晶として得られる。水に不溶であるが、アルコール、ベンゼン、クロロホルムに溶解する。ラッカー、ワニスの乾燥剤、乳酸酵母の成長促進剤に用いる。メチルエステルは、ワニス、ラッカー、リノリウムの溶剤として使用される。カルシウム塩は、防水剤、皮なめし、製紙などに用途をもっている。 [佐藤菊正] [参照項目] | | | | | | [補完資料] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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