Anaxagoras - Anaxagorās

Japanese: アナクサゴラス - あなくさごらす(英語表記)Anaxagorās
Anaxagoras - Anaxagorās

Ancient Greek philosopher. Born in Clazomenae, a town in the Ionian region of Asia Minor. He moved to Athens to teach philosophy, and it seems that Socrates listened to his lectures. His work, called "Peri Physeos" (On Nature), has been scattered, and only fragments remain. The original matter (arche) of all things is a seed (spermata) with different properties, and everything contains all kinds of seeds, but what it is is determined by which seeds it contains the most. His teaching was that at the beginning of the world, all these seeds were mixed together in a chaotic state, but nous (mind) gave them a rotating motion and separated them, creating this orderly world. He taught that the heavenly bodies are stones separated from the earth and glow red because of their motion, and that the earth is flat, and he also knew the cause of solar eclipses.

[Mikiya Suzuki January 20, 2015]

[Reference] | Nous

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

古代ギリシアの哲学者。小アジアのイオニア地方の町クラゾメナイに生まれる。アテネへ移住して哲学を教えたが、ソクラテスもその講義を聴いたらしい。『ペリ・フュセオース』(自然について)とよばれる著作は散逸して、断片だけが残っている。万物のもとのもの(アルケー)はそれぞれ性質が異なる種子(スペルマタ)であって、あらゆるものはこの全種類の種子を含むが、どの種子をもっとも多く含むかによって、そのものの何であるかが決まってくる。そして、世界の初めは、これらの種子全体が入り混じり混沌(こんとん)とした状態にあったが、ヌース(精神)がこれに旋回運動を与えて分離させ、この秩序ある世界をつくりあげたというのが、その教えである。天体は大地から切り離された石であり運動のために赤熱化しているとか、大地は平板状であるとか説いたらしく日食の原因も知っていたらしい。

[鈴木幹也 2015年1月20日]

[参照項目] | ヌース

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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