Kankoba - Kankoba

The predecessor of department stores and markets. It began in January 1878 (Meiji 11) when Tokyo Prefecture opened the Tatsunokuchi Kankoba in Marunouchi to dispose of leftover goods from the First Domestic Industrial Exposition. It became popular because high-quality goods such as daily necessities and clothing were sold at fixed prices in one place. From around 1882, large and small Kankoba (called Kanshoba in Kansai) sprang up in major cities. Many were privately run, and were joint shopping districts with stores rented to multiple merchants. After 1907 (Meiji 40), the decline in quality and the advance of department stores led to poor management and a decline, but they retained a track record of selling at fixed prices.

[Yoichi Harashima]

"The Birth of Department Stores" by Toru Hatada (1993, Sanseido)" ▽ "A Study on the Promotion of Factories - Its Relation to Meiji Culture" by Hideo Suzuki (2001, Soeisha)" ▽ "A Study on the Promotion of Factories" by Masashi Tanaka, revised edition (2003, Tanaka Management Research Institute)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

百貨店、マーケットの前身。第1回内国勧業博覧会の残品処分のため、1878年（明治11）1月、東京府が、丸の内に竜ノ口(たつのくち)勧工場を開場したときに始まる。日用雑貨、衣類などの良質商品が1か所で定価販売されたので人気を得た。82年ごろから主要都市に大小の勧工場（関西では勧商場）が乱立した。多くは民営で、複数商人への貸し店舗形式の連合商店街であった。1907年（明治40）以後には、品質低下や百貨店の進出により、経営不振に陥って衰退したが、正札の定価販売に実績を残した。

［原島陽一］

『初田亨著『百貨店の誕生』（1993・三省堂）』▽『鈴木英雄著『勧工場の研究――明治文化とのかかわり』（2001・創英社）』▽『田中政治著『勧工場考』新訂版（2003・田中経営研究所）』

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