Anaximander - Anaximandros

Japanese: アナクシマンドロス - あなくしまんどろす(英語表記)Anaximandros
Anaximander - Anaximandros

A Greek philosopher born in Miletus, a city in the Ionian region of Asia Minor. He is said to have been the successor of Thales and to have written a book called "Peri Physeos" (On Nature), but only a few fragments remain. His teachings were that the source of all things (arche) was the infinite (to apeiron), and that from this divine and immortal apeiron, first opposing things of different natures, such as hot and cold, dry and wet, were separated, and then from these opposing things that fought against each other, earth, water, fire, and wind were born, and then the stars and living things were born, but these things followed the law and eventually died out, atoning for the sins of fighting, and returned to apeiron. He also taught that the earth was cylindrical and located at the center of the world, and that humans originally resembled fish, and is said to have invented the sundial.

[Mikiya Suzuki]

[References] | Ionian School | Thales

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

古代ギリシアの哲学者。小アジアのイオニア地方の町ミレトスに生まれる。タレスの後継者とされ、『ペリ・フュセオース』(自然について)という著作があったと伝えられるが、残っているのはわずかな断片だけである。万物のもとのもの(アルケー)は無限定なもの(ト・アペイロン)であり、この神的で不滅なアペイロンから、まず暖かいものと冷たいもの、乾いたものと湿ったもの、といった性質の対立するものが分かれ、そして、争い合うこの対立するものから地水火風が生じ、さらに星辰(せいしん)や生物が生じるが、これらは掟(おきて)に従い、やがて争いの罪をあがなって死滅し、アペイロンへ戻るというのが、その教えである。また、大地は円筒状であって世界の中央に位置しているとか、人間は初めは魚に似ていたとか説くとともに、日時計を発明したりしたとも伝えられる。

[鈴木幹也]

[参照項目] | イオニア学派 | タレス

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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