Yoshian

A prefecture-level city in the south-central part of Jiangxi Province, China. It governs two city districts and 10 counties, and acts as the administrative agent for Jinggangshan City (as of 2016). It is located at the confluence of the Ganjiang River and its tributary, the He River. Its population is 4,608,356 (2010). During the Qin Dynasty, Luling County was established, and the city was called Gaochang and Shiyang during the Later Han Dynasty and the Northern and Southern Dynasties, but its ancient name was restored during the Sui Dynasty. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it was the prefecture of Ji'an. It was renamed Ji'an County in 1914, and was incorporated as a city in 1949. It is a key location for land and water transportation in the middle reaches of the Ganjiang River, and is the center of the distribution of goods in the basin. The Beijing-Kiulian Railway runs through it. Industries such as machinery, chemicals, paper, leather, and food processing are well developed, as is camphor manufacturing. The surrounding farming villages produce rice, sweet potatoes, camellia oil, cedar, pine, camphor trees, and bamboo, and sericulture is also thriving. Camphor boxes are a local specialty.

[Editor, Michihiro Kono, February 16, 2017]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、江西(こうせい)省中南部の地級市。2市轄区、10県を管轄し、井岡山(せいこうざん)市の管轄代行を行う（2016年時点）。贛江(かんこう)と支流の禾水(かすい)の合流点にある。人口460万8356（2010）。秦(しん)代に廬陵(ろりょう)県が置かれ、後漢(ごかん)、南北朝代には一時高昌(こうしょう)、石陽とよばれたこともあるが、隋(ずい)代に古名に復した。明(みん)・清(しん)代は吉安府治。1914年吉安県と改称、1949年市制を施行した。贛江中流部の水陸交通の要地で、流域の物資の集散の中心となっていて、京九線が縦貫する。機械、化学、製紙、皮革、食品加工などの工業が発達、樟脳(しょうのう)製造も行われる。周辺農村では米、サツマイモ、椿油(つばきあぶら)、スギ、マツ、クスノキ、タケを産し、養蚕も盛んで、クスノキ製の箱が特産である。

［河野通博・編集部　2017年2月16日］

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