Brackish Lake - Kisuiko

Japanese: 汽水湖 - きすいこ
Brackish Lake - Kisuiko

A lake where seawater influences the water quality and movement of the lake water. In most cases, there is direct exchange with seawater through open channels, but seawater may indirectly infiltrate in the form of groundwater. The salinity of the lake water varies widely depending on the mixing ratio of seawater and river water. In the deep layers, dense saltwater stagnates for a long time, forming an anoxic layer, which results in a high concentration of hydrogen sulfide. Many of these lakes are partial circulation lakes, where the circulation of the lake water is limited to the surface layer only. Lake Suigetsu (maximum depth 34 meters) in Fukui Prefecture is a typical example. When looking at Japan's lakes in order of area, many brackish lakes are ranked high, and brackish lakes occupy an important position among Japan's large lakes. They are also important in terms of the diversity of aquatic life and inland fisheries. Most of them are lagoons or lagoons, so in Japan, there are few along the Pacific coast, but they are more common along the Sea of ​​Japan and the Sea of ​​Okhotsk. Representative examples include Lake Saroma, Lake Harutori, Lake Notoro, and Lake Furen in Hokkaido, Lake Nakaumi in Shimane and Tottori prefectures, and Lake Hamana in Shizuoka prefecture.

[Kazunori Mori]

[Reference] | Lagoon | Lake | Lagoon
Suigetsu Lake
The largest of the Mikata Five Lakes. It was discovered that 70,000 years of sedimentary layers (varves) remain on the bottom of the lake, and it is called the "Miracle Lake." The photo shows the view from the observation deck at the summit of Mt. Baijyo. Lake Mikata is in the background. Wakasa Bay Quasi-National Park. Nationally designated Place of Scenic Beauty Wakasa Town, Mikata-Kaminaka District, Fukui Prefecture ©Yamane Kazuma ">

Suigetsu Lake

Lake Saroma
A lagoon in northeastern Hokkaido. It is the third largest lake in Japan (area 151.8 km). It is separated from the Sea of ​​Okhotsk by a 30 km long sand spit, but because it is a brackish lake with seawater flowing in from a central opening (tidal mouth), scallops, oysters, Hokkai shrimp, sea urchins, and other creatures are cultivated there. It is included in Abashiri Quasi-National Park. Kitami City, Yubetsu Town, Monbetsu District, and Saroma Town, Tokoro District, Hokkaido ©Kitami City ">

Lake Saroma


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

海水が水質や湖水の運動に影響を及ぼすような湖。開水路を通じて海水との直接な交流のある場合がほとんどであるが、地下水の形で海水が間接的に浸入している場合もある。湖水の塩分は、海水と河川水との混合比に応じて広い範囲にわたる。深層には密度の大きな塩水が長い時間にわたって停滞し、無酸素層が形成されるために高濃度の硫化水素を含む。湖水の循環が表層のみに限られる部分循環湖となることが多く、福井県の水月湖(最大深度34メートル)はその典型的な例である。日本の湖を面積順にみると、上位に多くの汽水湖がランクされ、汽水湖は日本の大きな湖のなかで重要な地位を占めている。水生生物の多様性や内水面漁業の面でも重要である。成因的には大部分が潟(かた)・潟湖(せきこ)であるため、日本では太平洋沿岸に少なく、日本海沿岸やオホーツク海沿岸に多く分布する。北海道のサロマ湖・春採(はるとり)湖、能取(のとろ)湖、風蓮(ふうれん)湖、島根・鳥取県の中海、静岡県の浜名湖などが代表例としてあげられる。

[森 和紀]

[参照項目] | | 湖沼 | 潟湖
水月湖
三方五湖最大の湖。湖底に7万年分もの堆積層(年縞)が残されていることが発見され、「奇跡の湖」とよばれている。写真は梅丈岳山頂展望台からの眺望。後方は三方湖。若狭湾国定公園域。国指定名勝 福井県三方上中郡若狭町©山根一眞">

水月湖

サロマ湖
北海道北東部にある潟湖。日本で3番目に大きな湖(面積151.8km)である。延長30kmの砂嘴によってオホーツク海と隔てられるが、中央の開口部(潮口)から海水が流入する汽水湖のため、ホタテガイ、カキ、ホッカイシマエビ、ウニなどの養殖が行われている。網走国定公園に含まれる。北海道北見市・紋別郡湧別町・常呂郡佐呂間町©北見市">

サロマ湖


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