Early modern times

Japanese: 近世 - きんせい

〘noun〙① The world close to the present. Also, the world of recent times. Recently. Kinze. ※Gyokuyo - 7th July, 1172, Joan _2nd year (1172) "The fact that things are _not in the modern era is a result of the weak hearts of the people of the modern era." ② _One of the historical period divisions. (i) In Japanese history, the period following the ancient and medieval periods and preceding the modern era. Refers to the Azuchi-Momoyama and Edo periods. While the Kamakura and Muromachi periods, which correspond to the medieval period, are called early feudal society, this is sometimes called late feudal society. In a broad sense, it can also include modern times (as in Tokutomi Soho's "History of the Japanese Nation in Early Modern Times"), but it is often distinguished from the narrow sense of modernity. ※Elementary School Reader (1884)〈Wakabayashi Torasaburo〉 4 "Maruyama Okyo was from Saikyo and was a famous painter of the early modern period." (b) In Oriental history, it usually refers to the period from the end of the Ming Dynasty or the beginning of the Qing Dynasty to the Xinhai Revolution. Also, in Western history, it is the modern period in the period division into ancient, medieval, and modern times. ※Elementary School Reader (1874)〈Sakakibara, Naka, Inagaki〉 2 "The trolling gun was (abbreviated) a product of the early modern West."

Chikaki (nearby)

A word that vaguely refers to a time not far from the present, whether past or future.

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

〘名〙① 現在に近い世の中。また、近頃の世の中。最近。きんぜ。※玉葉‐承安二年（1172）七月七日「近世事不_レ存_二首尾_一」※談義本・根無草（1763‐69）前「昔の人よりおとれるは、近世人の心懦弱にして」② 歴史の時代区分の一つ。(イ) 日本史で、古代、中世のあとにつづき、近代以前の時期。安土桃山時代、江戸時代をさす。中世にあたる鎌倉・室町時代を前期封建社会と呼ぶのに対して、後期封建社会と呼ぶことがある。広義には近代をも含むことがあるが（徳富蘇峰「近世日本国民史」のように）、狭義の近代と区別することが多い。※小学読本（1884）〈若林虎三郎〉四「円山応挙は西京の人にて近世の有名の画家なり」(ロ) 東洋史で、ふつう明末・清初以後辛亥(しんがい)革命まで。また、西洋史で、古代・中世・近代と分ける時代区分のうち、近代にあたる時代。※小学読本（1874）〈榊原・那珂・稲垣〉二「銕砲は〈略〉近世西洋の製」