An adjustment diode that keeps the power supply voltage constant even if the load changes slightly. If the reverse voltage of a pn junction diode (generally a silicon diode) is near the breakdown voltage, the current changes suddenly and greatly even with a small change in voltage. Therefore, if you want to make the voltage change small even when the current changes greatly, you can do so with a simple circuit by utilizing this breakdown effect. This breakdown effect is said to be due to the Zener effect, avalanche breakdown, or a combination of these. In addition to general constant voltage diodes, this type of diode is used as a voltage standard with precise temperature compensation, and as a high-power or high-frequency power limiter. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
負荷が多少変化しても,電源電圧を一定に保つようにする調整用のダイオード。p-n接合ダイオード (一般にはシリコンダイオードが用いられる) の逆方向電圧を,降伏電圧近傍にとれば,電圧の微小変化に対しても電流は急激に大きく変化する。このため電流が大きく変化した場合でも,電圧変化を微小にしたいとき,この降伏効果を利用すれば簡単な回路で行うことができる。この降伏効果は,ツェナー効果,なだれ降伏およびその複合によるとされている。この種のダイオードには,一般の定電圧用のほか,温度補償を精密に行なった電圧標準用や,大電力または高周波電力のリミッタ用などがある。
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