The Five Mountains of Kikuchi

Japanese: 菊池五山 - きくち・ござん

Year of death: 27th June 1849 (15th August 1849)
Year of birth: 1769
A Chinese poet of the late Edo period. His given name was Kirisun, his pen name was Mugen, he was commonly known as Satayu, and his pen names were Gozan and Goan. He was the second son of Kikuchi Muroyama, a Confucian scholar of the Takamatsu domain. As a boy, he studied poetry under Goto Shibayama in his hometown of Takamatsu, and later traveled to Kyoto to study and become a disciple of Shibano Kuriyama. Around the same time that Kuriyama was invited to the shogunate as a Confucian scholar in 1788, Gozan also moved to Edo and joined Ichikawa Kansai's Jianghu Poetry Society, where he became active as a poet together with Kashiwagi Jotei and Okubo Shibutsu. At the end of the Kansei era, he was convicted and exiled to Ise, but returned to Edo in the first year of the Bunka era. In 1807, at the age of 39, he was influenced by Yuan Mei's Suiyuan Shiwa of the Qing dynasty and published Gozando Shiwa, a kind of commentary on Chinese poetry. Gozando Shiwa was published over a period of 26 years up until around 1832, with 10 main volumes and 5 supplementary volumes, introducing and critiquing the works of many poets of the same era. Gozan used this as a foothold to bring journalism to the world of Chinese poetry in Japan, and to firmly establish himself as a critic. In his later years, he also served the Takamatsu Domain. Since his manuscript poems were destroyed in the Great Edo Fire of 1829, Gozan's poems are only found in anthologies such as Kon Shika Zekku, Bunsei Jushichi Ka Zekku, and Tenpo Thirty-six Ka Zekku, as well as a small collection of poems called Wakadai Zekku. Incidentally, novelist Kikuchi Kan, who founded Bungeishunjusha, is a descendant of Gozan's older brother, Shusetsu. <References> History of Japanese Poetry: Gozando Shiwa (New Japanese Classical Literature Series, Volume 65)

(Ibi High School)

Source: Asahi Japanese Historical Biography: Asahi Shimbun Publications Inc. About Asahi Japanese Historical Biography

Japanese:

没年：嘉永2.6.27(1849.8.15)
生年：明和6(1769)
江戸後期の漢詩人。名は桐孫,字は無絃,通称は左太夫,号は五山,娯庵。高松藩儒菊池室山の次男。少年時,故郷高松で詩を後藤芝山に学び,のち京に遊学して柴野栗山に入門した。天明8(1788)年栗山が幕府に儒者として招かれたのと相前後して,五山も江戸に移住し,市河寛斎の江湖詩社に参加,柏木如亭,大窪詩仏らと共に詩人として活動するようになった。寛政末年,罪を得ていったんは伊勢に流落したが,文化初年に江戸に戻り,39歳の文化4(1807)年,清の袁枚の『随園詩話』に影響されて漢詩の時評誌とでもいうべき『五山堂詩話』を発刊した。『五山堂詩話』は天保3(1832)年ごろまでのおよそ26年間に正編10巻,補遺5巻を刊行,同時代の多くの詩人の作品を紹介,批評した。五山はこれを足場に,わが国の漢詩界にジャーナリズムをもたらすとともに,批評家としての地位を確固たるものにした。晩年は高松藩にも出仕。なお文政12(1829)年の江戸大火に罹災して詩稿を焼失したため,五山の詩は『今四家絶句』『文政十七家絶句』『天保三十六家絶句』などという総集類に収められるほかは,『和歌題絶句』という小詩集があるのみ。ちなみに小説家で文芸春秋社を興した菊池寛は,五山の兄守拙の子孫。<参考文献>『日本詩史・五山堂詩話』(新日本古典文学大系65巻)

(揖斐高)

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