Pankhurst

Japanese: パンクハースト

British suffragette, social reformer, and painter. Second daughter of Emmeline Pankhurst. Born and raised in Manchester, she later studied art in Venice and London. She participated in the women's suffrage movement with her mother Emmeline and sister Christabel, and was imprisoned several times. She tried to organize workers in the East End slums of London to advance the movement, but she was expelled from the Women's Social and Political Union, the parent organization of the movement, because she was opposed to the movement's policy that focused on middle-class women, which led to her being expelled from the Women's Social and Political Union. When World War I began in 1914, she declared her opposition to the war, unlike her mother and sister, who supported it. Sylvia also strongly supported the Russian Revolution from an early stage. She also strongly opposed fascism, and in response to Mussolini's invasion of Ethiopia (the Italo-Ethiopian War), she launched a campaign in support of Ethiopia in Britain, and moved to Ethiopia after World War II.
→ Related article Suffragette

Pankhurst

British women's suffrage activist. She joined the Fabian Society and formed the Women's Social and Political Union in 1903. Together with her daughter Christabel and Sylvia Pankhurst, she launched an intense campaign for women's suffrage, and even staged repeated hunger strikes while in prison. However, when World War I began in 1914, she stopped activism and cooperated with the war effort. After the war, she traveled to the United States and Canada, returning to the UK in 1926. She joined the Conservative Party and ran as a candidate for parliament, but died without being elected. It was only a few weeks before her death that all women in Britain were granted the same voting rights as men. → Suffragettes → Related articles Pankhurst | Fawcett

Pankhurst

British women's suffrage activist. In 1903, she founded the Women's Social and Political Union with her mother, Emmeline Pankhurst. To avoid imprisonment, she settled in Paris and took command of the movement, fearing it as a suffragette for its violent methods of arson, vandalism, and disruption of speeches. She returned to the UK after the outbreak of World War I. Like her mother, she turned to supporting the war effort, changing the name of the Union to the Women's Party, and it disappeared in 1919. After that, she turned to mystical religion.

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Japanese:

英国の婦人参政権運動家，社会改革家，画家。エメリン・パンクハーストの次女。マンチェスターで生まれ育ち，その後，ベネチアとロンドンで美術を学ぶ。母エメリン，姉のクリスタベルとともに婦人参政権運動に参加し，たびたび投獄された。ロンドンのスラム街イースト・エンドの労働者を組織して運動を進めようとした彼女は，母や姉の中流階級の女性を中心に据えた運動方針と対立，それまでの運動の母体であった〈女性社会政治同盟〉から除名された。1914年に第１次世界大戦が始まると，戦争支持にまわった母，姉とは別に，戦争反対を表明。また，シルビアは早い時期からロシア革命を強く支持していた。ファシズムにも強く抗議し，ムッソリーニによるエチオピア侵略（イタリア・エチオピア戦争）に対しては，英国でエチオピア支持の運動を展開，第２次大戦後エチオピアに移住した。
→関連項目サフラジェット

パンクハースト

英国の婦人参政権運動家。フェビアン協会に参加，1903年〈女性社会政治同盟〉を結成し，娘のクリスタベル，シルビア・パンクハーストなどとともに婦人参政権獲得のために激烈な運動を展開，獄中ではハンガーストライキをくり返した。しかし，1914年第１次世界大戦が始まると運動をひかえ戦争に協力。戦後は米国，カナダに渡り，1926年帰国。保守党に入党し議員候補にもなったが，選出されることなく死去した。英国で全女性に男性と同じ参政権が認められたのは，彼女の死の数週間前だった。→サフラジェット
→関連項目パンクハースト｜フォーセット

パンクハースト

英国の婦人参政権獲得運動家。1903年母親のエメリン・パンクハーストとともに〈女性社会政治同盟〉を結成。投獄を逃れるためにパリに居を構えて作戦指導にあたり，放火，器物損壊，演説妨害などの暴力的な手段で運動の結実を期し，〈サフラジェット〉として恐れられた。第１次世界大戦の勃発後に帰国。母と同様に戦争協力に転向し，同盟も〈女性党〉と名称を改め，1919年消滅した。以後，神秘主義的な宗教に走った。

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