It means that there is no interference by public authorities with the formation of will by individuals and associations as a group regarding the formation or non-formation of associations, joining or not joining an association, continuing membership in an association, or withdrawal from an association, and with the activities to realize that will. An association is a continuous union of a large number of people for a specific common purpose, and is subject to the formation of an organized will. Article 21 of the Constitution of Japan guarantees this freedom, along with the freedom of assembly and the freedom of expression. Associations are essential in strengthening and expanding individual freedom, especially in today's mass society, but at the same time, it cannot be denied that large associations act as a shackle on individual freedom. There is no law in Japan that comprehensively regulates associations, but the Anti-Subversive Activities Act raises various questions about the freedom of association. (→Public Security Examination Commission) Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
結社の結成,不結成,結社への加入,不加入,結社の成員の継続,脱退について個人が,また結社が団体としての意思を形成し,その意思実現のための諸活動を行うについて公権力による干渉を受けないことをいう。結社とは多数人が特定の共通目的のために継続的な結合をなし,組織された意思形成に服するもののことである。日本国憲法は 21条で集会の自由,表現の自由と並んでこの自由を保障している。結社は,とりわけ今日の大衆社会状況において,個人の自由の強化,拡大をはかるうえで枢要なものであるが,同時に巨大な結社が個人の自由にとり桎梏となっている面も否定できない。日本で結社を包括的に規律した法律はないが,破壊活動防止法は結社の自由にさまざまな問題を投げかけている。 (→公安審査委員会 )
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