There are three types of autopsies: systematic autopsies, pathological autopsies, and forensic autopsies. Forensic autopsies are further divided into judicial autopsies and administrative autopsies (including quasi-administrative autopsies). Administrative autopsies are performed by medical examiners in accordance with the Corpse Autopsy and Preservation Law (1949), and the results are reported to the local police station in a prescribed report. The Corpse Autopsy and Preservation Law also stipulates that prefectural governors in areas designated by government ordinance (including the areas of Tokyo's wards, Osaka, Nagoya, Yokohama, and Kobe) may appoint medical examiners to determine the cause of death of bodies suspected to have died from infectious diseases, poisoning, or disasters, or other bodies with unclear causes of death, and may have them perform autopsies in cases where the cause of death is not clear even after autopsy. In areas other than those designated by government ordinance, autopsies may be performed with the consent of the bereaved family for the purpose of investigating the cause of death, etc., in accordance with the corpse handling regulations, for abnormal bodies other than those caused by crimes or unnatural deaths. These are called quasi-administrative autopsies or autopsies with consent. [Tadataka Funao] [Reference items] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
解剖autopsyには、系統解剖、病理解剖、法医解剖の3種類があって、法医解剖は、さらに司法解剖と行政解剖(準行政解剖を含む)とに分けられる。行政解剖は、死体解剖保存法(1949)に基づいて監察医が行うもので、その解剖結果は、所定の報告書で所轄警察署に報告される。なお死体解剖保存法に、政令で定める地(東京都の区の存する区域、大阪市、名古屋市、横浜市、神戸市)を管轄する都道府県知事は、その地域内における伝染病、中毒、または災害により死亡した疑いのある死体、その他死因の明らかでない死体について、その死因を明らかにするため監察医を置き、これに検案をさせ、または検案によっても死因の判明しない場合には解剖させることができるとされている。また、政令で定められた地以外の地域でも、犯罪死体、変死体を除く異常死体については、死体取扱い規則に基づいて死因などを究明する目的で、遺族の承諾による解剖が行われ、これを準行政解剖、承諾解剖と称する。 [船尾忠孝] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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