Feast

Japanese: 《饗宴》 - きょうえん
Feast

…The story of Eros and Psyche in Apuleius's The Golden Ass is a typical example.
[The intellectual history of Eros]
Plato was the first philosopher to take up the issue of Eros, and in his dialogue "Symposium" we see a competition of "Eros mythology" by various commentators, including Socrates. One of these is a hymn to Eros based on Aristophanes' fantastic fable, which says that in the past, humans were spherical with four limbs and two faces, but were amputated, and today one half of the body desires the other half.

From [Sex]

...Keeping in mind the ambiguity of the word "sex," let us take a historical look at how humans have thought about and dealt with sex.
[History of sexuality]
The most famous idea of ​​sexuality is that described by the ancient Greek philosopher Plato in his Symposium. He believes that humans were originally one body, male and female, but that God cut them into two, and that each of the two bodies desperately seeks the other with whom they were once one, and tries to restore the original state by uniting.

From Plato

…Early works: Laches, Lysis, Charmides, Euthyphron, Apology of Socrates, Crito, Euthydemus, Protagoras, Gorgias, Meno, etc. Middle works: Symposium, Phaidon, Republic (10 books), Phaedrus, Parmenides, Theaetetus (however, apart from the classification based on stylistic studies, only the first four, which are "ideological dialogues," are called middle works, and the works after Parmenides are sometimes called late works). Late works: Sophistes, Politicus (Philebus), Timaeus, Critias, Laws (13 books), Epinomis (Later Laws). …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Feast" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…アプレイウスの《黄金のろば》に収められた〈エロスとプシュケー〉の物語は,その代表的な例である。【中山 典夫】
[エロスの思想史]
 哲学者としてエロスの問題をもっとも早くとり上げたのはプラトンであるが,その対話編《饗宴》においてはソクラテスを含む諸論者たちによる,いわば〈エロスの神話学〉の競演が見られる。昔,人間は手足それぞれ4本,顔二つで球体をなしていたのが切断されたために,今日その半身は他の半身を求めるのだという奇想天外なアリストファネスの寓話によるエロス賛美論もその一つである。…

【性】より

…このような〈性〉ということばの多義性を念頭に置きながら,以下,人間が性についてどのように考え,対処してきたかを歴史的に概観してみよう。
【性の思想史】
 性についての思想では,古代ギリシアの哲学者プラトンが《シュンポシオン(饗宴)》で述べているものが最も有名である。すなわち彼は,ヒトはもともと男女が一体であったが,神がこれを二つに切断したので,分かたれたそれぞれは,かつての一体であった相手を激しくもとめ,合体によって原初の状態を復元しようとするのだと考える。…

【プラトン】より

…前期著作:《ラケス》《リュシス》《カルミデス》《エウテュフロン》《ソクラテスの弁明》《クリトン》《エウテュデモス》《プロタゴラス》《ゴルギアス》《メノン》など。中期著作:《饗宴》《ファイドン》《国家》全10巻,《ファイドロス》《パルメニデス》《テアイテトス》(ただし文体研究による区分とは別に,〈イデア論的対話編〉である前4者のみを中期著作と呼び,《パルメニデス》以降を後期著作とする場合もある)。後期著作:《ソフィステス》《ポリティコス(政治家)》《フィレボス》《ティマイオス》《クリティアス》《法律》全13巻,《エピノミス(法律後編)》。…

※「《饗宴》」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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