Jolson, A.

Japanese: Jolson,A.(英語表記)JolsonA
Jolson, A.

...It is also called "movie musical" or "screen musical," but it is often simply called "musical" in general, without distinguishing it from stage musicals.
[The birth of musical films]
When Al Jolson (1886-1950), who had become an American idol through his records in the early 1920s, sang "My Mammy" and "Blue Skies" in the Warner Brothers experimental sound short "April Showers" (1926) and the following film "The Jazz Singer" (1927), "talkies" and "film musicals" were born simultaneously. After that, various Hollywood studios produced musical films one after another. Among them, MGM's Irving Thalberg employed two young songwriters, lyricist Arthur Freed (1894-1973) and composer Nacio Herb Brown (1896-1964), to write original numbers for the film, which won the Academy Award for Best Picture and was directed by Harry Beaumont. The film is considered to be the prototype of the early musical film. (The famous song Singin' in the Rain, which later became one of the symbols of MGM musicals, was one of the numbers in this film.)

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Jolson, A." is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…〈ムービー・ミュージカルmovie musical〉あるいは〈スクリーン・ミュージカルscreen musical〉とも呼ぶが,一般には舞台のミュージカルと区別せずに単に〈ミュージカルmusical〉と呼ぶ場合も多い。
[ミュージカル映画の誕生]
 1920年代の初めにレコードを通じて全米のアイドルとなっていたアル・ジョルスンAl Jolson(1886‐1950)が,ワーナー・ブラザースの実験的なサウンド短編《エープリル・シャワーズ》(1926)につづく《ジャズ・シンガー》(1927)で《マイ・マミー》や《ブルー・スカイ》を歌ったとき,〈トーキー映画〉と〈ミュージカル映画〉が同時に誕生した。その後,ミュージカル映画はハリウッドの各社で次々につくられたが,そのなかで,MGMのアービング・タルバーグが2人の若いソング・ライター,すなわち作詞家のアーサー・フリード(1894‐1973)と作曲家のナシオ・ハーブ・ブラウン(1896‐1964)のコンビを起用してオリジナル・ナンバーを書かせ,ハリー・ボーモント監督により〈100%オール・トーキング,100%オール・シンギング,100%オール・ダンシング〉といううたい文句で製作してアカデミー作品賞を受賞した《ブロードウェイ・メロディー》(1929)が,初期のミュージカル映画の原型とされる(のち〈MGMミュージカル〉のシンボルの一つにすらなった名曲《雨に唄えば》もこの作品のナンバーの一つであった)。…

※「Jolson,A.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

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