Normative theory - kihansetsu

Japanese: 規範説 - きはんせつ

...Therefore, in civil procedural law, there is fierce debate over which of the parties should bear this responsibility. There is a theory (normative theory or legal requirement classification theory) that the person who has the interest and responsibility (called the burden of assertion) to assert a reason for the basis of a right (for example, 'lending money'), a reason for impeding a right (for example, 'void due to mistake'), or a reason for the extinguishment of a right (for example, 'repaying') has the burden of proof for the facts asserted, and there is a theory (new theory or anti-normative theory) that the person closest to the evidence, the person who is easy to prove, or the person asserting something unusual should bear the burden of proof. The new theory says that not thinking in this way is unfair, and the normative theory counters that it would harm legal stability. ...

From [Binding]

…In 1864, he became a private lecturer at the University of Heidelberg, and was subsequently a full professor at the universities of Basel, Freiburg, Strassburg, and Leipzig. Normentheorie was his original idea. In other words, he constructed a sophisticated criminal law theory based on the idea that what a criminal violates is not the criminal law provision for murder, but the norm that is the premise of the law: "Do not kill another person." …

*Some of the terminology explanations that refer to the "norm theory" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…そこで民事訴訟法学では，当事者のうちのどちらがこの責任を負担するかについて，はげしく争われている。権利根拠事由(たとえば〈金を貸した〉)，権利障害事由(たとえば〈錯誤により無効〉)，権利滅却事由(たとえば〈返済した〉)を主張する利益と責任(主張責任という)のある者は，その主張事実につき証明責任があるとする説(規範説または法律要件分類説)，証拠に近い者，証明しやすい者，異常なことを主張する者こそ証明責任を負担すべきだとする説(新説または反規範説)がある。新説はそのように考えないと公平に反するといい，規範説はそれでは法的安定性を害すると反論する。…

【ビンディング】より

…1864年ハイデルベルク大学の私講師を振出しに，バーゼル，フライブルク，シュトラスブルク，ライプチヒの各大学の正教授を歴任した。〈規範説Normentheorie〉は彼の創見にかかる。すなわち，犯人が侵害するのは殺人罪の規定という刑罰法規ではなく，その前提をなす〈人を殺すなかれ〉という規範であるという考えを骨子に精緻な刑法理論体系を構築した。…

※「規範説」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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