Northern salamander - Kitasanshouo

Japanese: キタサンショウウオ - きたさんしょううお
Northern salamander - Kitasanshouo

A salamander of the order Caudata in the class Amphibians, family Hynobiidae. It is widely distributed from the Ural Mountains to the Kamchatka Peninsula, the Kuril Islands, and Sakhalin, and in Japan it only lives in the Kushiro Marsh in Hokkaido. It is the only Japanese caudal species that is distributed outside of Japan. Its back is brown with a wide yellow vertical stripe running down the middle, and the outside is bordered in black. Its ventral surface is light colored with small dark spots scattered on it. It has four fingers on its hind legs. It is 8 to 12 centimeters long. It spawns in the cold water of the marsh in April and May, and lays a pair of spirally wound egg sacs on the stems of aquatic plants. It produces around 140 eggs, which are about 2 millimeters in diameter. They hatch in about a month, and the larvae metamorphose in the fall. Adults live on the ground in the grass or forests around the egg-laying sites, preying on terrestrial insects, spiders, earthworms, etc.

[Mitsuru Kuramoto]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

両生綱有尾目サンショウウオ科のサンショウウオ。ウラル山脈からカムチャツカ半島、千島列島、樺太(からふと)(サハリン)にかけて広く分布し、日本では北海道の釧路(くしろ)湿原にのみ生息する。日本産有尾類のうち国外にも分布する唯一の種である。背面は褐色で中央に幅の広い黄色の縦条が走り、その外側は黒く縁どられる。腹面は淡色で小暗斑(はん)が散在する。後肢の指は4本。全長8~12センチメートル。4、5月に湿原の冷水中で産卵し、螺旋(らせん)状に巻いた1対の卵嚢(らんのう)を水草の茎などに産み付ける。卵数140個内外、卵径約2ミリメートル。ほぼ1か月で孵化(ふか)し幼生は秋に変態する。成体は産卵場所の周囲の草むらや林の中の地面で生活し、地上性の昆虫やクモ、ミミズなどを捕食する。

[倉本 満]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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