Canzoniere (English spelling)

A collection of lyric poems written in Italian by the Italian poet Petrarch. This title is a later nickname, and the official title is Rerum vulgarium fragmenta (Fragments of Vulgar Poems). It is believed that the idea for the collection was already in the late 1330s, and it was expanded and revised many times until it was interrupted by his death (1374), and reached an unshakable formal beauty. The final version contains 366 poems, including 317 sonnets, 29 canzones, 9 sestinas, 7 ballatas, and 4 madrigals. Some poems criticize the corruption of the Papacy and call for the awakening of Italy, but most of them are about his love for the beautiful Laura. The collection is divided into two parts, and the conventional view has been that they correspond to Laura's life and death, but the current view is that they are based on a decisive change in the poet's inner life, as he was tormented between eternity and earth. For poets, Laura embodied the harmony and contradiction between the infinite and the finite. Furthermore, her influence on later generations as a source of modern lyric poetry is immeasurable.

[Kazuhiro Hayashi]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

イタリアの詩人ペトラルカのイタリア語による叙情詩集。このタイトルは後世の通称で、正式の書名は『俗語詩断片集』Rerum vulgarium fragmenta。詩集の構想は推定によるとすでに1330年代後半に兆し、死（1374）によって中断されるまで幾度となく増補と推敲(すいこう)が重ねられ、不動の形式美に到達した。最終稿に収める詩編は366、内訳はソネット317、カンツォーネ29、セスティーナ9、バッラータ7、マドリガーレ4。教皇庁の腐敗を批判したり、イタリアの覚醒(かくせい)を呼びかける詩もあるが、大部分は美女ラウラへの愛を主題とする。全体は2部に分かれ、従来の説はラウラの生前と死後に対応させてきたが、現在は、永遠と地上のはざまで苦悩する詩人の内面の決定的転換に基づくとする見方が有力。ラウラは詩人にとって、無限と有限の間の調和と矛盾を一身に体現していた。なお近代叙情詩の源として後世に及ぼした影響は計り知れない。

［林　和宏］

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