Adultery - Kantsuzai

Japanese: 姦通罪 - かんつうざい
Adultery - Kantsuzai

This refers to cases where a husband or wife having sexual relations with another person is punishable as a crime. In the Penal Code before the Second World War, Article 183 stated, "When a married woman commits adultery, she shall be punished with imprisonment for not more than two years. The same shall apply to the other person who commits adultery (paragraph 1). The crime in the preceding paragraph shall be considered upon a complaint by the husband. However, if the husband's adultery is tolerated, the complaint shall be invalid (paragraph 2)." After the war, the idea that punishing only the wife for this crime and not the husband's adultery violated the principle of gender equality in Article 14 of the Constitution became dominant. Therefore, there was a debate over whether to punish both parties or not when amending this crime, and the provision on the crime of adultery was deleted in the partial amendment of the Penal Code in 1947 (Showa 22). However, under the Civil Code, adultery is a tort and is subject to damages.

[Tetsuro Nawa]

[Reference] | Tort

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

夫または妻がそれ以外の男女と性的関係をもつことを犯罪として処罰の対象とする場合をいう。第二次世界大戦前の刑法では、第183条において、「有夫ノ婦姦通シタルトキハ二年以下ノ懲役ニ処ス 其(その)相姦シタル者、亦(また)同シ(1項)。前項ノ罪ハ本夫ノ告訴ヲ待テ之(これ)ヲ論ス 但(ただし)本夫姦通ヲ縦容(しょうよう)シタルトキハ告訴ノ効ナシ(2項)」と規定されていた。戦後、妻の場合だけを本罪によって処罰し、夫の姦通については処罰しないのは憲法第14条における男女平等の原則に違反するという考え方が支配的となった。そこで、本罪の改正にあたって双方とも処罰するか双方とも処罰しないかが争われ、1947年(昭和22)の刑法一部改正で、姦通罪の規定は削除されることとなった。ただ民法上は、姦通は不法行為にあたり損害賠償の対象となる。

[名和鐵郎]

[参照項目] | 不法行為

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