A city in southeastern Cuba, West Indies. It is the capital of Guantanamo Province. It is located 17 km north of Guantanamo Bay, in a basin surrounded by the Sierra Maestra mountain range. Population: 248,171 (1999), 215,545 (2019 estimate). Since the influx of American capital in the early 20th century, when sugarcane cultivation expanded to eastern Cuba, it has developed as a distribution center for agricultural products such as raw sugar, coffee, cacao, and corn. There is a US naval base in Guantanamo Bay, and after the Cuban Revolution, the Cuban government refused to accept the lease and demanded its return. [Naoko Kurihara] In 2015, then-U.S. President Obama ended half a century of hostility with Cuba and restored diplomatic ties. However, the Guantanamo Bay base, over which the United States claimed permanent lease, became the biggest sticking point in the negotiations to normalize diplomatic relations, as Cuba has consistently sought its return from the United States. The base also houses a detention center for suspected terrorists, where at one time more than 750 suspected Islamic extremists were held indefinitely. The repeated torture of suspects was deemed a violation of the Geneva Convention, and the United Nations recommended the closure of the detention center. In 2009, Obama signed a presidential order to close the detention center and prohibit torture, and the U.S. government announced plans to close it in February 2016. According to U.S. government announcements, 91 suspected terrorists were being held there as of February 2016, and 39 as of July 2021. [Editorial Department, October 20, 2021] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
西インド諸島、キューバ南東部の都市。グアンタナモ州の州都。グアンタナモ湾の北17キロメートル、シエラ・マエストラ山脈に囲まれた盆地に位置する。人口24万8171(1999)、21万5545(2019推計)。20世紀初めアメリカ資本の流入によりキューバ東部にサトウキビ栽培が拡大して以来、粗糖、コーヒー、カカオ、トウモロコシなどの農産物の集散地として発達した。グアンタナモ湾にはアメリカ海軍基地があり、キューバ革命後、キューバ政府は租借料の受取を拒否し返還を要求している。 [栗原尚子] 2015年、アメリカ大統領オバマ(当時)は半世紀に及ぶキューバとの敵対関係を終わらせ、国交を回復したが、アメリカが永久租借権を主張してきたグアンタナモ基地は、キューバがアメリカに一貫して返還を求めてきた経緯があり、国交正常化交渉の最大の問題になった。 なお、同基地にはテロ容疑者専用収容所があり、一時750人余りのイスラム過激派のテロ容疑者が無期限に収容されていた。そして、容疑者に対して繰り返し行われた拷問は、ジュネーブ条約に反すると判断され、国連が収容所の閉鎖を勧告していた。オバマは2009年に収容所閉鎖と拷問の禁止などを定めた大統領令に署名し、アメリカ政府は2016年2月に閉鎖計画を発表した。アメリカ政府の発表によれば、2016年2月時点で91人、2021年7月時点で39人のテロ容疑者が収容されている。 [編集部 2021年10月20日] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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