Seal - Kanin

Japanese: 款印 - かんいん
Seal - Kanin

...The same can be said about ink; in ancient times, vermilion was mainly used, with ink as an exception to a certain extent, but in the late Middle Ages, a variety of inks, including blue, yellow, green, and purple, were used. Although seals are found in calligraphy and painting, they are not seen in China in the Tang or early Song dynasties. They also emerged from the Zen temples of the Song dynasty, and in Japan, calligraphy began in the Kamakura period and painting in the Muromachi period, and both were initially limited to Zen monks. ...

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "seal" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…このことは印肉についてもいえるのであって,古代は朱(丹)色を主に墨が特例としてある程度使われたが,中世後期には青・黄・緑・紫など多種な印肉が使用された。款印(かんいん)は書画におされるが,中国でも唐や宋初には散見しない。やはり宋代禅林の中から出てきたものであって,日本では墨跡の方は鎌倉時代から,絵画は室町時代に入ってから,最初はいずれも禅僧の間に限って行われた。…

※「款印」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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