Kawaguchi Plan - Kawaguchi Plan

In Japan, before World War II, local improvement movements and the establishment of popular education research committees were promoted in response to the growing social unrest after the Russo-Japanese War, and after World War I, the Provisional Education Council was organized in response to the influence of the birth of socialist countries and the rise of democratic ideas, and the Rural Rehabilitation Movement was organized in response to the widespread impoverishment of rural areas during the Showa Depression. These could be said to have been educational plans in the sense of educating the nation. After the war, with the transition to New Education until the late 1940s, attempts were made to create local educational plans that were in line with the actual conditions and demands of the local residents, with the aim of establishing educational reform ideas. Saitama Prefecture's Kawaguchi Plan and Hiroshima Prefecture's Hongo Plan are examples that are widely known and were implemented with the cooperation of local governments, residents, and educational researchers. Following the Korean War, with the rapid recovery of the industrial sector and the development of education policies, government and business-led education plans were implemented. In the 1960s, after the crisis of the Security Treaty protests had been overcome, the trend toward human resource development policies swept across local governments. In an effort to transform prefectures from agriculturally-centered, backward areas into industrially-centered, developed areas, human resource development plans at the expense of the individual development of students and children gave rise to numerous contradictions.

*Some of the terms mentioned in the "Kawaguchi Plan" are explained below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…　日本の場合，第2次大戦前には日露戦争後の社会不安増大に対応して推進された地方改良運動や通俗教育調査委員会の設置がみられ，第1次大戦後は社会主義国誕生の影響とデモクラシー思想の高揚に対応する形で組織された臨時教育会議，昭和恐慌期の農村疲弊のひろがりのもとで組織された農村更生運動など，国民教化的な意味での教育計画であったといえよう。戦後，新教育に移行して1940年代末ころまでは，教育改革理念の定着をめざし，地域の実情と住民の要求にそう地域教育計画のこころみが行われ，埼玉県の〈川口プラン〉，広島県の〈本郷プラン〉などは，自治体や住民と教育研究者の協力のもとですすめられてひろく知られた例である。朝鮮戦争後の産業界の強力な復興と教育政策の展開のもとでは政府･財界主導の教育計画がすすめられ，1960年代，安保闘争の危機をのりきった後の人的能力開発政策の潮流は各自治体をおおい，農業中心の後進県から工業中心の先進県への脱皮をはかるために児童･生徒の個性的な発達を犠牲にした人材育成計画が数々の矛盾をひき起こしていった。…

※「川口プラン」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報