The principle that shareholders should be treated equally in legal relationships based on their capacity as shareholders according to the type and number of shares they own (Article 109, Paragraph 1 of the Companies Act). It functions to protect minority shareholders from abuse of majority votes. As an exception, classes of shares are legally provided for (Articles 107 and 108). In addition, exceptions are permitted when each shareholder approves specific unequal treatment, but other provisions of the articles of incorporation, resolutions of the general shareholders' meeting, or business actions that violate the principle of shareholder equality are invalid. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
株主が株主としての資格に基づく法律関係において,所有する株式の内容および数に応じて平等の取り扱いを受けるという原則(会社法109条1項)。多数決の濫用から少数株主を保護する機能をもつ。例外として種類株式が法定されている(107,108条)。また各株主が具体的な不平等の取り扱いを承認した場合にも例外として許されるが,それ以外の,株主平等の原則に違反する定款規定,株主総会決議あるいは業務執行行為は無効とされる。
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