Exchange Rates - Exchange

Japanese: 為替相場 - かわせそうば

Also known as exchange rate. It is the exchange rate between different currencies, but in reality it is the transaction rate for foreign exchange bills. It can be denominated in Japanese currency (payment account basis), such as 1 dollar = 110 yen, or in foreign currency (received account basis), such as 100 yen = 90.9 cents. Exchange rates fluctuate depending on the supply and demand of foreign currency, interest rates of each country, and the basic conditions of the country's economy. Exchange rates are mainly telegraphic exchange rates, but are classified from various perspectives, such as selling rates and buying rates, spot exchange rates and forward exchange rates. Since the Plaza Accord at the G5 Finance Ministers' Meeting in the fall of 1985 and the discussion of correcting exchange rate imbalances at the G7 Finance Ministers' Meeting in May 1986, the yen's exchange rate against the dollar has risen sharply, from the 140 yen range to the 80 yen range in 1995. Since then, the rate has fluctuated around 105 yen, reflecting the strength of the US economy, but in the midst of the global recession triggered by the 2008 US financial crisis, the dollar weakened and the yen strengthened to the low 90 yen range, which hit the Japanese economy, which is highly dependent on exports, especially automobiles, hard. →Factors that determine exchange rates/Target rate zone concept→Related topics Asset balance approach | Absorption approach | Foreign exchange | Foreign exchange market | Exchange arbitrage | Exchange gains and losses | Foreign exchange settlement agreements | Exchange dumping | Exchange balance funds | Exchange risk | Coordinated intervention | Gold spot remittance point | Cross rate | Real exchange rate | Prevailing exchange rate | Payment account rate | Single exchange rate | Telegraphic transfer | Speculation | Fundamentals | Floating exchange rate

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

為替レートとも。異なる通貨の交換比率であるが，実際上は外国為替手形の取引相場である。１ドル＝110円のような邦貨建（支払勘定建）と100円＝90.9セントのような外貨建（受取勘定建）の建て方がある。為替は為替の需給，各国金利，国の経済の基礎的条件などによって変動する。為替相場は電信為替相場が中心をなすが，売相場と買相場，直物(じきもの)為替相場と先物(さきもの)為替相場などいろいろな観点から分類される。1985年秋の主要５ヵ国蔵相会議（G5）におけるプラザ合意，1986年５月の７ヵ国蔵相会議（G7）で為替不均衡是正が討議されて以来，円の対ドルレートは140円台から1995年には一時80円台に突入するなど急激な円高が進んだ。その後，米国経済の好調を基調に105円前後を中心に，変動を伴いながら推移してきたが，2008年米国の金融危機をきっかけとした世界同時不況のなかで90円台前半と一気にドル安円高が進み，自動車を中心に輸出依存度の高い日本経済を直撃した。→為替相場の決定要因／目標相場圏構想
→関連項目アセットバランス・アプローチ｜アブソープション・アプローチ｜外国為替｜外国為替市場｜為替裁定｜為替差損益｜為替清算協定｜為替ダンピング｜為替平衡資金｜為替リスク｜協調介入｜金現送点｜クロス・レート｜実質為替レート｜実勢為替レート｜支払勘定建相場｜単一為替レート｜電信為替｜投機｜ファンダメンタルズ｜変動為替相場

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