Also called lyase. A general term for enzymes that catalyze a reaction in which a certain atomic group is removed from a substrate to leave a double bond, or the reverse reaction of an addition reaction to a double bond. They are further divided into several types depending on the type of reaction they catalyze. Some examples are shown below. (1) Carboxy lyases (decarboxylases or carboxylases), which remove the carboxyl group of a carboxylic acid as carbonic acid. For example, pyruvate decarboxylase, which is involved in alcoholic fermentation. (2) Aldehyde lyases, which catalyze aldol condensation and its reverse reaction. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
リアーゼともいう。基質からある原子団をとり去って二重結合を残す反応,またはその逆方向の,二重結合に対する付加反応を触媒する酵素の総称。触媒する反応の種類によってさらにいくつかの類型にわけられる。以下にその数例を示す。 (1)カルボン酸のカルボキシル基を炭酸として離脱させるカルボキシリアーゼ類(デカルボキシラーゼまたはカルボキシラーゼ)。たとえばアルコール発酵に関与するピルビン酸デカルボキシラーゼ。(2)アルドール縮合およびその逆反応を触媒するアルデヒドリアーゼ類。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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