《Study Balance》

...The debate was quite fierce, but by no means antagonistic. As seen in the "Debate on Science and Views on Life," they united in their opposition to the movement against modern Western thought, upholding the superiority of Chinese or Eastern culture. The conservative faction opposed new thought with works such as "Xueheng" (1922, Nanjing), but the structure of the conflict between the old and new in the cultural world was a reflection of the conflict between the Kuomintang and Communist parties and the Beiyang warlords, who had cooperated. The new energy erupted in the early 1920s in the form of the activities of the Creative Society and the Literature Research Association in the literary world, and the start of the publication of "Ancient History Journal" in the historical world. ...

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Gakuheng" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…論争はかなり激烈であったがけっして敵対性のものではなく，〈科学と人生観の論争〉にみられるように彼らは中国文化ないし東洋文化の優位をかかげて西洋近代思想に反対する動きに対しては一致して対処したのである。保守派は《学衡》(1922，南京)などによって新思想に対抗したが，文化界の新旧対立の構図はほぼ合作した国共両党と北洋軍閥の対抗の構図を投影したものであった。新興のエネルギーは20年代前半に文芸界における創造社，文学研究会の活躍や，歴史学界における《古史弁》の刊行開始といった形をとって噴出した。…

※「《学衡》」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報