Sven Anders Hedin

Japanese: ヘディン - へでぃん(英語表記)Sven Anders Hedin
Sven Anders Hedin

Swedish geographer and explorer. Born in Stockholm. After graduating from Uppsala University, he studied under Richthofen at the University of Berlin. During his first (1893-1897) and second (1899-1902) trips to Central Asia, he surveyed the Pamir Plateau, the Taklimakan Desert, the Tibetan Plateau, and Qinghai Province, and he also explored the Tibetan Plateau from 1906 to 1908, contributing greatly to the elucidation of the geography of these regions, which had previously been largely unknown. Notable among his discoveries were the discovery that Lop Nur's location changed over time, the existence of a mountain range to the north of the Himalayas that could be called the Trans-Himalayan Range, running east-west roughly parallel to the Himalayas, and the source of the Indus River. Furthermore, the investigation of the ruins of Dandang-Uiliq near Khotan (January 1896) and the discovery and excavation of the site of the capital city of Loulan (March 1900 and March 1901) revealed the existence of remains of a glorious ancient civilization in this region, and were the forerunners of the investigations undertaken by later expeditions led by Stein. From 1927 to 1935, the third Central Asian expedition was carried out, in which scholars from Sweden, Denmark, Germany and the Republic of China jointly carried out a large-scale investigation of the natural, human and archaeological aspects of the region, mainly the Taklamakan and Gobi deserts. This was called the Sino-Swedish Expedition or the Northwest Scientific Expedition. The report amounted to 55 volumes. Taking this opportunity, the government planned to compile and publish a map of Central Asia that would compile the results of previous investigations, but this was left unfinished due to World War II.

[Kazuo Eno]

"Complete Collection of Hedin's Travelogues, edited by Kyuya Fukada, Kazuo Eno, and Kazutoshi Nagasawa, Vol. 15 and Supplementary Volume 2 (1978-1980, Hakusuisha)"

[References] | Stein | Hotan | Richthofen | Loulan | Lop Nor

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

スウェーデンの地理学者、探検家。ストックホルムに生まれる。ウプサラ大学卒業後、ベルリン大学でリヒトホーフェンに学んだ。第1回(1893~1897)、第2回(1899~1902)の中央アジア旅行によってパミール高原、タクリマカン(タクラマカン)砂漠、チベット高原、青海省を調査、チベット高原については1906~1908年にも探検を行い、不明の部分の多かったこれら諸地域の地理の解明に寄与するところが少なくなかった。なかでも、ロプノールが時代によって位置を異にすること、ヒマラヤ山脈の北方にほぼこれに並行して東西に走るトランス・ヒマラヤ山脈とよぶべき山脈の存在すること、インダス川河源の発見は著しい。さらにホータン付近のダンダン・ウィリックの廃墟(はいきょ)(1896年1月)の調査、楼蘭(ろうらん)の都城址(とじょうし)の発見発掘(1900年3月、1901年3月)は、この地域に輝かしい古代文明の遺跡のあることを明らかにして、後のスタインをはじめとする探検隊の調査の先駆けをなしたものである。1927~1935年、第3回の中央アジア探検を行い、スウェーデン、デンマーク、ドイツと中華民国との学者が共同して、タクラマカン、ゴビ両砂漠を中心とする地域の自然、人文、考古の諸方面に関する大規模な調査を行った。これをSino-Swedish Expeditionあるいは西北科学考査団という。その報告書は55冊に上る。これを機会に、それまでの調査の成果を集大成した中央アジア地図の編集刊行を計画したが、第二次世界大戦のため未完に終わった。

[榎 一雄]

『深田久弥・榎一雄・長澤和俊監修『ヘディン探検紀行全集』15巻・別巻2(1978~1980・白水社)』

[参照項目] | スタイン | ホータン | リヒトホーフェン | 楼蘭 | ロプノール

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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