Mount Kaundake

The Ishikari River is to the north and east, and its tributaries, the Yanbetap River and the Chubettsu River, are to the south, with a foothill extending to the west. During the late Pleistocene, plateaus of welded tuff and lava such as Takanegahara, Chubettsu-dake (1,963 m), Kaun-dake (1,954 m), Kogane-ga-hara, and Numanohara were formed, followed by the eruption of andesitic lava, forming Aibetsu-dake (2,112 m), Pippu-dake (2,206 m), Kuro-dake (1,984 m), Eboshi-dake (2,072 m), Aka-dake (2,078 m), and slightly later Ryoun-dake (2,125 m), Hokuchin-dake (2,244 m), and Hakuun-dake (2,230 m). These volcanoes are called the Old Daisetsu volcanoes, and because they are arranged in a horseshoe shape with a wide opening to the southwest, it is believed that they erupted along the outer wall of a large collapsed caldera that formed after the plateau was formed.

*Some of the terminology that refers to "Keundake" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…北と東を石狩川，南をその支流のヤンベタップ川と忠別川に限られ，西へすそ野を引いている。洪積世後期に高根ヶ原，忠別岳(1963m)，化雲（かうん）岳(1954m)，黄金ヶ原，沼の原などの溶結凝灰岩や溶岩からなる台地が形成され，続いて安山岩質溶岩の噴出により，愛別岳(2112m)，比布（ぴつぷ）岳(2206m)，黒岳(1984m)，烏帽子岳(2072m)，赤岳(2078m)，やや遅れて凌雲岳(2125m)，北鎮（ほくちん）岳(2244m)，白雲岳(2230m)などが形成された。これらの火山群は古大雪火山と呼ばれており，南西に大きく開いて，馬蹄形に配置していることから，台地形成後に生じた大きな陥没カルデラの外壁に沿って噴出したものと考えられている。…

※「化雲岳」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報