Roman goddess. Originally known as the guardian deity of vegetable gardens, she is commonly known as Venus. The word Venus, like the Latin venerari (to worship) and venia (to benefit), is a religious word, and originally referred to the act of seeking favor from the gods. In other words, she was a goddess who mediated between the gods and humans. Later, she was identified with the Greek Aphrodite and transformed into the goddess of love. The development of Roman Venus worship was particularly prompted by the founding legend of Aeneas. In 215 BC, Venus from Mount Eryx in Sicily was introduced to Rome as the mother of Aeneas' descendants (the Romans), and Caesar, who belonged to the Julius family, whose ancestor was Aeneas, built a magnificent temple to Venus Genetrix (the mother goddess Venus) to honor Venus, the mother of heroes. In the Aeneid by the Augustan poet Virgil, Venus is portrayed as a merciful goddess who not only protects the actions of her son Aeneas, but also cares for the fate of all Romans in the future. For the goddess as depicted in art, see the entry for Venus. [Masahiro Ogawa] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ローマの女神。最初は菜園の守り神であったといわれ、一般にはビーナスの名で知られている。ウェヌスの語は、語源的にはラテン語のvenerari(崇拝する)、venia(恩恵)などと同様、宗教的言語に属し、本来は神々の好意を得ようとする行為を示した。すなわち、神々と人間との間を取りなす神であった。のちにギリシアのアフロディテと同一視されて、愛の女神へと変化した。ローマのウェヌス崇拝の発展は、とくにアイネイアス(アエネアス)の建国伝説によって促された。紀元前215年に、シチリアのエリクス山のウェヌスがアイネイアスの子孫(ローマ人)の母としてローマに移入され、またアイネイアスを祖とするユリウス家に属するカエサルが、英雄の母ウェヌスを尊び、ウェヌス・ゲネトリクス(母神ウェヌス)の壮大な神殿を建立した。アウグストゥス時代(帝政初期)の詩人ウェルギリウスの『アエネイス』では、ウェヌスは単に息子アイネイアスの行動を守るだけでなく、来たるべきローマ人すべての運命にも心を配る、慈悲深い女神として登場している。なお、美術上に表現された女神については、「ビーナス」の項を参照のこと。 [小川正広] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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