Aitorian Alliance - Aitorian Alliance

A Greek confederation of the Aitolians. Aetolians lived in Aetolian mountainous region in the west of central Greece, north of the Gulf of Corinth. From their loose tribal confederations, the Aetolian League was formed as a confederation of various polises and tribal states shortly before 367 BC. The head of the league was a general elected annually, and meetings were held such as the League General Assembly, the League Council, and the Representative Council. Members of the member polises and tribal states held dual citizenship of the league and the polis or tribal state to which they belonged. At the end of the 4th century BC, the league's power extended to Thermopylae, and at the beginning of the 3rd century BC, it gained control of Delphi. At the end of the same century, it began to decline after being invaded by the Macedonian Kingdom, and in 192 BC, it abandoned its alliance with Rome and formed an alliance with the Kingdom of Syria, which led to attacks by Rome, defeat, and in 189 BC, it signed a treaty of subordination to Rome. After 146 BC, it was incorporated into a Roman province and ended its life there.

[Shoji Kiyonaga]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

古代ギリシアのアイトリアAitōlia人の同盟。アイトリア人の居住したアイトリアは、コリント湾の北、中部ギリシア西側の山がちの地域。彼らの緩い部族連合的組織から、紀元前367年の少し前に、諸ポリス、部族国家の連合体としてのアイトリア同盟が成立した。同盟の長は毎年1人選ばれる将軍で、同盟総会、同盟評議会、代表評議員会などの会議があり、加盟ポリス、部族国家の成員は、各自が所属するポリス、部族国家の市民権と同盟の市民権を二重に所有した。前4世紀末に同盟の勢力はテルモピレーに及び、前3世紀初めにはデルフォイの支配権を得た。同世紀末にマケドニア王国に侵入されてから衰退が始まり、前192年それまでのローマとの同盟を捨ててシリア王国と結んだため、ローマの攻撃を受け、敗れて前189年ローマに従属する条約を結んだ。前146年以降ローマの属州に組み込まれて、その生命を終えた。

［清永昭次］

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