mafioso

Japanese: mafioso
mafioso


[Sicily]
Refers to organized crime unique to Sicily. The word "Mafia" is thought to be derived from Arabic, but its origin and meaning are unknown. Mafia-like phenomena have a long history in Sicily, dating back to the mid-19th century, around the time of the establishment of the unified Italian state, but its actual nature is not entirely clear, and the image of the Mafia that is generally based on movies and novels about the American Mafia is widely circulated. The conventional view was that the Mafia originated in rural areas, was born in backward social relations in large landowning areas, and moved into cities after World War II, but recent research has confirmed that it existed from the beginning in places where "wealth" was generated, whether in cities or rural areas.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "mafioso" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:


[シチリア]
 シチリアに特有の組織犯罪を指す。〈マフィア〉の語はアラビア語に由来すると考えられるが,語源や語意は不明である。シチリアにマフィア的現象が現れるのはイタリアの統一国家成立前後の19世紀半ばからで長い歴史となるが,その実態については必ずしも明らかでなく,一般にはアメリカ・マフィアを題材とした映画や小説によるイメージが流布している。従来の見解では,マフィアは農村的起源で,大土地所有地帯の遅れた社会関係の中で生まれ,第2次大戦後,都市に進出したとされていたが,近年の研究は,都市であれ農村であれ〈富〉の発生する場所に最初から存在していたことを確認している。…

※「mafioso」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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