Episcopos - Episcopos

Japanese: エピスコポス - えぴすこぽす

… Christianity was an urban religion, and churches were built in cities. By the first half of the 2nd century, the church's organization had been solidified, with the episkopos (translated as "bishop" or "bishop" from the meaning of "overseer"), who inherited the authority of the apostles, becoming the representative of the church, the priest providing pastoral care for the faithful and administering the liturgy, and the deacon assisting the priest. These were the clergy, but there were also people in charge of managing and running the church. …

From the Bishop

…In the Catholic Church, he is called a bishop, and in some Protestant churches, he is called an overseer. There are many unknowns about the origins of the bishopric, but in the first century, the distinction between episkopos (meaning "overseer," later to become bishop) and presbyteros (meaning "elder," later to become priest) was not clear. However, by the mid-second century, episkopos had been established as the highest rank of the clergy. …

From the Clergy

…The origin of the clergy is not entirely clear, and there is debate as to what extent the authority and functions of Jewish priests were inherited by Christianity. The names of bishop (episkopos), elder (presbyteros), and deacon (diakonos) appear already in the New Testament, but according to a letter by Ignatius from the early 2nd century, these three were clearly distinguished, and it is believed that the prototype of the three priestly offices of bishop, priest, and deacon had been established. Of these, the bishop is the person in charge of the parish, the priest is the person who performs ceremonies, mainly the Mass (the Eucharist), and the deacon is the assistant to the bishop and priest. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "episkopos" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…　キリスト教は都市型の宗教で，都市を中心に教会を築いていった。2世紀前半には教会の組織もだいたい固まり，使徒の権能を継承するエピスコポスepiskopos(〈監督〉の意から〈司教〉または〈主教〉と訳す)が教会の代表となり，司祭が信者の司牧と典礼の執行に当たり，司祭の補助者として助祭がいた。以上は聖職であるが，そのほかに教会の管理や運営にあたる人々もいた。…

【主教】より

…カトリック教会では〈司教〉，プロテスタント教会の一部では〈監督〉と呼ぶ。主教職の起源については不明の点が多いが，1世紀の教会ではエピスコポスepiskopos(〈監督〉の意，のち主教となる)とプレスビュテロスpresbyteros(〈長老〉の意，のち司祭となる)の区別が明確ではなかった。しかし2世紀中葉までにはエピスコポスが聖職の最高位として確立した。…

【聖職者】より

…聖職者の起源は必ずしも明らかでなく，またユダヤ教の祭司の権威と職能がどこまでキリスト教に受け継がれたかについても議論がある。すでに新約聖書のなかに監督(エピスコポス)，長老(プレスビュテロス)，執事(ディアコノス)の名称が見えているが，2世紀はじめのイグナティオスの書簡によれば，この3者がはっきり区別され，主教，司祭，助祭の3聖職の原型が成立していたと考えられる。このうち主教は教区の統轄者，司祭はミサ(聖餐式)を中心とする祭儀の執行者，助祭は主教および司祭の補助者である。…

※「エピスコポス」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

<<: Ebisuza

>>: Ebisu fish - Ebisu fish