Eohippus - Eohippus (English spelling)

Japanese: エオヒップス - えおひっぷす(英語表記)eohippus
Eohippus - Eohippus (English spelling)

A fossil animal of the Perissodactyla order of the Mammalia class, family Equidae. It is also known as the Akebono horse. It lived in the forests of North America in the early Eocene epoch (54 to 37 million years ago). It is thought to be the ancestor of horses, and is important when considering the evolution of the Perissodactyla order and family Equidae. It was about the size of a fox, with a long but small head and a long tail. It had four fingers on its front legs and three on its back legs, with small hooves at the ends. The dental formula is

It had a total of 44 premolars, more than modern horses (40-42). At that time, five-toed Hyracotherium species lived in England and other parts of Europe. Due to the priority of naming rules, the scientific name of Eohippus (named in 1876) was unified as Hyracotherium (named in 1840).

[Iya Katsunori]

[Reference] | Horse

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

哺乳(ほにゅう)綱奇蹄(きてい)目ウマ科の化石動物。アケボノウマともいわれる。始新世(5400万~3700万年前)前期の北アメリカの森林にすんでいた。ウマの先祖と考えられ、奇蹄目やウマ科の進化を考えるうえで重要な存在となっている。大きさはキツネぐらいで、頭は長いが小さく、尾は長い。前肢に4本、後肢に3本の指があり、先には小さなひづめがあった。歯式は

で合計44本と、現生のウマ類(40~42本)より前臼歯(ぜんきゅうし)が多い。なお、この時期、イギリスはじめヨーロッパ各地には5本指のヒラコテリウムがすんでいた。学名は、命名規約の優先権により、エオヒップス(1876年命名)も、ヒラコテリウム(1840年命名)の名に統一されている。

[祖谷勝紀]

[参照項目] | ウマ

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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