...Sachs' genius was later highly praised by Goethe and J. Grimm. The skits created by these composers are full of images of sex and excrement, as shown by titles such as "The Carnival and the Fight over the Fast" (Rosenpruth), "The Eleventh Finger" (Voltz), "The Poop Play", "The Cunning Good-Walker and the Canon", and "The Priest, the Blind Sexton and His Wife" (Sachs). To the "refined" eyes of modern people, they seem very explicit and vulgar, but in fact they are full of what might be called "physical fertility" and "primitive vitality" that modern people cannot possibly imagine. Rather, we can think of these things as things that have been lost or degraded today, but that still existed as a great cultural asset for the people in their time. Carnival plays fell into decline towards the end of the 16th century, and the tradition of festive comedy and popular theatre was hardly continued in German theatre thereafter. *Some of the terminology that refers to "The Poop Play" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…ザックスの天才は,のちのゲーテやJ.グリムによって,大いに賛美されている。これらの作者によって作られた寸劇の内容は,《謝肉祭と断食の争いの芝居》(ローゼンプリュート),《11本目の指の芝居》(フォルツ),《うんこの芝居》《ずるい取持ち婆と聖堂参事会員》《神父さまと盲目の寺男とその女房》(ザックス)などの題に示されるように,性と糞尿のイメージに満ち溢れ,現代人の〈洗練〉された目から見ればいかにも露骨で下品にみえるのであるが,実はそこには現代人には到底想像が及ばないような〈肉体的豊饒〉と〈始原的生命力〉とでも呼ぶべきものが満ち溢れているのであって,それはむしろ,今日では失われ,またおとしめられてしまったものが,その時代にはまだ,民衆の一大文化財として存在していたのだと考えることができよう。16世紀の終りころには謝肉祭劇は衰え,その後のドイツにおける演劇のなかには,そのような祝祭的喜劇・民衆的演劇の伝統は,ほとんど受け継がれることがなかった。… ※「《うんこの芝居》」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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