Onmeimon-in

Japanese: 陰明門院 - おんめいもんいん

Year of death: September 18, 1st year of Kangen (November 1, 1243)
Year of birth: Bunji 1 (1185)
A female emperor in the early Kamakura period. Empress of Emperor Tsuchimikado. Her name was Reiko. She was the daughter of the Grand Minister of State, Oinimikado Yorizane. Her father married the wife of the retired Emperor Gotoba, who was a trusted lady-in-waiting to him, and so her entry into the Imperial Court was decided. She entered the Imperial Court in April 1205 (Genkyu 2) and became a nyogo (female emperor), and in July she became Chugu (empress). At the time, Reiko was 21 years old, and her husband Tsuchimikado was only 11 years old. They were not blessed with children, so she lived separately from Tsuchimikado, living in the Imperial Palace (Reizei-cho) within the vast estate of the Nii in Nijo-cho. In March 1210 (Shogen 4), she was proclaimed an empress. Even after the Jōkyū War, she lived with the Nii and her father Yorizane in their home in Okazaki, Higashiyama. Later, she lived with her adopted daughter, Myogimon'in (daughter of Emperor Juntoku), at Shijōbō Castle Palace, but Myogimon'in died before her, and her estate was inherited by Prince Ninsuke (Tsuchimikado's son).

(Kiyoko Akiyama)

Source: Asahi Japanese Historical Biography: Asahi Shimbun Publications Inc. About Asahi Japanese Historical Biography

Japanese:

没年：寛元1.9.18(1243.11.1)
生年：文治1(1185)
鎌倉前期の女院。土御門天皇の皇后。名は麗子。太政大臣大炊御門頼実の娘。父が後鳥羽上皇の腹心の女房,卿二位と結婚したことにより入内が決定。元久2(1205)年4月入内して女御となり,7月中宮となった。このとき麗子は21歳,夫の土御門はわずか11歳であった。子どもに恵まれず,土御門と別居して,卿二位の二条町の広大な邸宅内の御所(冷泉町)に住んだ。承元4(1210)年3月院号宣下。承久の乱後も東山岡崎の家で,卿二位や父頼実と同居。のち猶子の明義門院(順徳天皇の娘)と四条坊城殿で同居したが,明義門院に先立たれ,遺領は仁助法親王(土御門の子)が継承した。

(秋山喜代子)

出典　朝日日本歴史人物事典：（株）朝日新聞出版朝日日本歴史人物事典について　情報

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