On November 27, 1943, on the final day of the First Cairo Conference, the three leaders of the United States, F. Roosevelt, Britain, and Chiang Kai-shek of the Republic of China, signed this declaration on the basic aims of the war against Japan, and it was announced on December 1 of the same year. The main points are as follows: (1) the three countries "agreed for future military action against Japan", (2) the three countries "expressed their determination to exert relentless pressure on the barbaric enemy", (3) "to restrain and punish" Japanese aggression, but none of the three countries had any intention of territorial expansion, (4) the divestment of all islands in the Pacific which Japan had seized or occupied after World War I, as well as the return to the Republic of China of Manchuria, Formosa, the Penghu Islands, and other islands, and the expulsion of Japan from all territories which Japan had seized by violence and greed, (5) the determination to liberate and make independent Korea, and (6) for the above purposes, the three countries made it clear that they would continue to act for a long time in cooperation with other nations at war with Japan until Japan's unconditional surrender. Among these, the policy on Japan's territorial issue was incorporated into the Potsdam Declaration in 1945 and accepted by Japan. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
1943年 11月 27日,第1次カイロ会談の最終日にアメリカの F.ルーズベルト,イギリスの W.チャーチルおよび中華民国の蒋介石の3首脳が署名し,同年 12月1日に発表された対日戦の基本目的についての宣言。おもな内容は次のとおり。 (1) 3国は「日本国に対する将来の軍事行動を協定した」こと,(2) 3国は「野蛮な敵国には仮借のない圧力を加える決意を表明した」こと,(3) 日本の侵略を「制止し処罰する」が,3国とも領土拡張の意図はないこと,(4) 第1次世界大戦後日本が奪取または占領した太平洋における一切の島嶼の剥奪,ならびに満州,台湾,澎湖列島などの中華民国への返還,日本が暴力と貪欲によって略取したすべての地域からの日本の駆逐,(5) 朝鮮を解放,独立させる決意を有すること,(6) 以上の目的で,3国は日本の無条件降伏まで,日本と交戦中の他の諸国と協力して長期間の行動を続行する旨を明らかにした。このうち,日本の領土問題に関する方針などは,45年のポツダム宣言に取入れられ,日本によって受諾された。
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