Al 4 [Si 4 O 10 ](OH) 8 . Also called sclerite. A layered silicate mineral. It is widely distributed as a secondary mineral resulting from rock weathering and hydrothermal action. It is the main mineral in kaolin clay. It is a polymorph of dickite and nacrite. Halloysite and metahalloysite have even higher water contents. It is artificially obtained by keeping gels of Al 2 O 3 -SiO 2 or Al(OH) 3 -SiO 2 at 250-400 °C. Triclinic system, space group P 1, lattice constants a 0 = 0.515, b 0 = 0.895, c 0 = 0.739, d 001 = 0.715 nm. α 91.8°, β 104.8°, γ 90°. Usually tiny hexagonal plate-like crystals less than a few microns in size. Perfectly cleaved {001}. Hardness 2.61-2.68. Density 2-2.5 g cm -3. 1.553-1.570. Birefringence 0.006. White or reddish brown. Soluble in hydrochloric acid. Endothermic dehydration reaction occurs at 400-525 °C, and complete dehydration occurs at 800 °C. This is called metakaolinite. Source: Morikita Publishing "Chemical Dictionary (2nd Edition)" Information about the Chemical Dictionary 2nd Edition |
Al4[Si4O10](OH)8.高陵(りょう)石ともいう.層状ケイ酸塩鉱物.岩石の風化や熱水作用による二次鉱物として広く分布する.カオリン粘土の主要鉱物.ディッカイト(dickite),ナクライト(nacrite)とは多形.ハロイサイト(halloysite),メタハロイサイトは含水量のさらに多いものである.人工的にはAl2O3-SiO2,またはAl(OH)3-SiO2組成のゲルを250~400 ℃ に保って得られる.三斜晶系,空間群 P 1,格子定数 a0 = 0.515,b0 = 0.895,c0 = 0.739,d001 = 0.715 nm.α 91.8°,β 104.8°,γ 90°.普通,数 μm 以下の微小六角板状結晶.へき開{001}完全.硬度2.61~2.68.密度2~2.5 g cm-3.1.553~1.570.複屈折0.006.白色または帯赤褐色.塩酸に溶ける.400~525 ℃ で吸熱の脱水反応を起こし,800 ℃ で完全に脱水する.これをメタカオリナイトという. 出典 森北出版「化学辞典(第2版)」化学辞典 第2版について 情報 |
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