…In the Puranas, the mythology of Vishnu's incarnations (avatāra) was established. There are various theories about the types and number of incarnations, and it is not necessarily consistent, but the most common are ten incarnations: boar (Baraha), man-lion (Nrīsimha), turtle (Kūrma), dwarf (Bāmana), fish (Matsya), Rama, Paraśurāma, Krishna, Buddha, and Kalki. Vishnu became a boar, rescued the submerged earth with its tusks, and killed the demon Hiranyaksha. … From the Vaishnavite sectIt is emphasized that Vishnu is one of the three gods (also translated as incarnations). The later theory of the ten incarnations is more famous, according to which Vishnu appears in this world as a fish, a turtle, a wild boar, a lion-man, a dwarf, Parashurama, Rama, Krishna, Buddha, and Kalki. Among them, Rama and his wife Sita, and Krishna and his wife Radha, have often been the subject of literary works and have been fervently worshipped throughout India. From 【Maitreya Belief】...It is believed that Maitreya Bodhisattva will appear in this world from the Maitreya Pure Land, Tushita Heaven, 5.67 billion years after the Buddha's death, preach three times under the Dragon Flower Tree, and save all living beings. One of the predecessors of Maitreya faith in India is the existence of Kalki, a savior in Hinduism. It was said that Kalki would appear in the future at the end of the age when the human lifespan becomes 23 years, and save people. ... *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Kalki (mythology)" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…プラーナ文献において,ビシュヌの化身(アバターラavatāra)神話が整備された。化身の種類と数については種々の説があり,必ずしも一定しないが,特に,猪(バラーハ),人獅子(ヌリシンハ),亀(クールマ),侏儒(バーマナ),魚(マツヤ),ラーマ,パラシュラーマParaśurāma,クリシュナ,ブッダ,カルキKalkiの10種の化身が最も一般的である。ビシュヌは猪となり,水没していた大地をその牙で救い上げ,悪魔ヒラニヤークシャを殺した。… 【ビシュヌ派】より…権化とも訳される)ということが強調されている。後世有名なのは〈10化身〉説で,それによれば,ビシュヌはこの世に,魚,亀,野猪,人獅子,小人,パラシュラーマ,ラーマ,クリシュナ,ブッダ,カルキとして現れるという。なかでもラーマとその妃シーター,クリシュナとその妃ラーダーは,しばしば文芸の対象になり,広くインド全土で熱烈に崇拝されてきた。… 【弥勒信仰】より…弥勒菩薩は釈尊入滅の56億7000万年後に,弥勒浄土である兜率天(とそつてん)よりこの世に出現し,竜華樹の下で三会にわたって説法し,衆生救済を果たすと信じられている。インドにおける弥勒信仰の前身の一つは,ヒンドゥー教における救済者カルキの存在である。カルキは未来において人間の寿命が23歳となった末世に,この世に出現して人々を救済すると説かれていた。… ※「カルキ(神話)」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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