Taruya Tozaemon - Taruya Tozaemon

The first head of the Taru family, town elders of Edo, and the hereditary nickname. The father of the first head was Mizuno Yakichi Yasutada, a cousin of Tokugawa Ieyasu. He achieved many military feats and was renamed Taru Sanshiro by Ieyasu. In 1590 (Tensho 18), he followed Ieyasu to Edo, where he was ordered to improve the roads and govern the town of Edo. His son, Tozaemon Tadamoto, became the first Edo town elder. As a townsman, he changed his surname to Taruya, but later in 1790 (Kansei 2), the surname Taru was revived. For generations, the Taru family was given an official residence in Nihonbashi Honcho. At the same time, he also served as a masuza (box office) and governed the masu of the 33 provinces of the east. His relatives included the headman of Nihonbashi, Taruya, and the land division official, Taruya, but it is said that his ancestor was Sobei, the second son of Taru Sanshiro.

[Kenichiro Yoshihara]

"Edo Town Officials" by Kenichiro Yoshihara (1980, Yoshikawa Kobunkan)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

江戸の町年寄樽家の初代、および世襲の通称。初代の父は水野弥吉康忠(みずのやきちやすただ)といい、徳川家康の従兄弟(いとこ)にあたる。数々の武功をあげ、家康より樽三四郎と改名させられた。1590年（天正18）に家康に従って江戸に入ったが、街道の整備や江戸の町支配を命じられた。その子が藤左衛門忠元で、江戸の町年寄の初代となった。町人として姓を樽屋と変えたが、のち1790年（寛政2）樽の苗字(みょうじ)が復活した。樽家は代々、日本橋本町に役宅を与えられた。同時に枡座(ますざ)を兼ね、東33か国の枡支配を行っている。また、親類には日本橋の名主樽屋や地割役樽屋がいるが、先祖は樽三四郎の次男惣兵衛であったといわれる。

［吉原健一郎］

『吉原健一郎著『江戸の町役人』（1980・吉川弘文館）』

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