mycology

Japanese: mycology

…In the second half of the 19th century, fungi were used as research materials in the fields of cytology, genetics, and physiology, and research results were obtained one after another in the fields of plant pathology, applied microbiology, and dermatology, and they developed. Around this time, mycology became an independent field of study for the study of fungi, but in terms of taxonomy, they were still considered a special group of lower plants. RH Whittaker's five kingdoms were the first to separate fungi from animals and plants, and were much criticized, but GCAinsworth adopted this theory in his Dictionary of Fungi (1971,83), and it has since been widely used. …

From [Botany]

…Just as biology can be called life science, plant science is also called plant science. While the living world is divided into two major kingdoms, animalia and plantia, there is also a view that it is divided into four major kingdoms, prokaryotes, animals, plants, and fungi, and mycology is sometimes treated separately from botany. Depending on the plant group that is the subject of the study, microbiology, phycology, lichenology, bryology, pteridology, etc. are sometimes distinguished, but such a division is based on the intention to analyze and integrate fields that do not fit the framework of botany, which has developed by focusing on the phenomena of seed plants, by subject group, and there are also issues in which it is expected that the essence of life phenomena will be elucidated by clarifying the specificity of the subject group. …

*Some terminology explanations that mention "mycology" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…19世紀後半に入ると，細胞学，遺伝学，生理学の分野で研究材料として扱われ，とくに植物病理学，応用微生物学，皮膚科学の分野で研究成果が次々と得られ，発展してきた。このころには菌類を研究する学問分野として菌学mycologyが独立してきたが，分類学の面では依然として下等植物の特殊な一群と解釈されていた。R.H.ホイッタカーの5界説は，はじめて菌類を動物および植物から切り離したもので反論も多かったが，アインスワーズG.C.Ainsworthは《菌類辞典Dictionary of Fungi》でこの説を採用し(1971,83)，その後，広く用いられるようになっている。…

【植物学】より

…生物学を生物科学といいかえるように，植物科学plant scienceということもある。生物界を動物界，植物界と二大別するのに対して，原核生物，動物，植物，菌類に四大別する考え方もあるが，菌学mycologyを植物学と別に取り扱うこともある。対象とする植物群によって，微生物学microbiology，藻類学phycology，地衣学lichenology，蘚苔類学bryology，シダ植物学pteridologyなどが区別されることがあるが，このような区分は種子植物の諸現象を対象として発達してきた植物学の枠に合わない分野を対象群ごとに解析し総合化しようとする意図にもとづくものであり，対象群の特異性を明らかにすることによって生命現象の本質の解明が期待される課題もある。…

※「mycology」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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