Auvergne - Aubergne (English spelling)

Japanese: オーベルニュ - おーべるにゅ(英語表記)Auvergne
Auvergne - Aubergne (English spelling)

A former province in south-central France. It is still used as an administrative region today, and is divided into the departments of Allier, Haute-Loire, Cantal, and Puy-de-Dôme. It has an area of ​​26,013 square kilometers and a population of 1,308,878 (1999). Most of this scenic area is made up of the Massif Central, dotted with the peaks of dormant volcanoes such as the Dôme, Dole, and Cantal mountains. Western Auvergne is influenced by the Atlantic Ocean, and is humid and windy, with cool summers and harsh winters, and is a region of wilderness and grassland. On the other hand, the eastern part has an inland climate, with a large annual temperature range, but relatively little precipitation, and is dominated by arable land. Overall, Auvergne's living conditions are not very good, with a population density of about 50 people per square kilometer, half the average for France. There is also a significant outflow of population from rural areas, and the population is concentrated in cities such as Clermont-Ferrand and Vichy. The agricultural population, which is mainly engaged in livestock farming in the mountains and farming on the fertile land, accounts for one-quarter of the productive population. The industrial population accounts for one-third of the total, and is mainly engaged in processing.

It was inhabited by the Celts, who defeated Caesar and liberated Gaul from Roman rule. In the 4th and 5th centuries, Auvergne was occupied by successive Germanic tribes, and in the 6th century it came under Frankish rule. In the early Middle Ages, it was part of the Merovingian and Carolingian dynasties, but became a separate state in the 9th century when the latter split up. In the 12th century, it came under the control of the English kings, but in the early 13th century it became part of the French Crown.

[Yukihiko Otake]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

フランス中南部の旧州名。現在も行政地域名として用いられ、アリエ県、オート・ロアール県、カンタル県、ピュイ・ド・ドーム県に分かれている。面積2万6013平方キロメートル、人口130万8878(1999)。この風光明媚(めいび)な土地の大部分はマッシフ・サントラル(中央群山)からなり、ドーム山地、ドール山地、カンタル山地をはじめとする休火山の山頂が点在する。オーベルニュ西部は大西洋の影響を受け、湿潤で風が強く、夏は涼しいが冬は厳しい地方で、荒野、草原地帯となっている。一方、東部は内陸式気候で、気温の年較差は著しいが降水量は比較的少なく、耕地が卓越する。全体としてみると、オーベルニュの居住環境はあまりよくなく、人口密度は1平方キロメートル当り約50人で、フランスの平均値の半分である。農村からの人口流出も著しく、クレルモン・フェラン、ビシーなどの都市に人口が集中している。山地での牧畜、肥沃(ひよく)な土地での耕作を主体とする農業人口が、生産人口の4分の1を占める。工業人口は全体の3分の1を占め、加工業が中心である。

 ケルト人が住んでいたが、彼らはカエサルを破り、ガリアをローマの支配から解放した。4、5世紀に、オーベルニュはゲルマン系民族に次々に占拠され、6世紀にフランク王国の支配下に入った。中世初頭、メロビング王朝とカロリング王朝の一部をなしたが、後者が分裂した9世紀に別の国となった。12世紀にはイギリス国王の支配下に入ったが、13世紀初めフランス王領になった。

[大嶽幸彦]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

<<:  Operations Research

>>:  Oberth, Hermann Julius

Recommend

Borderline personality disorder

...While persistent hypochondria, obsessions or f...

Zenba-tiben - Kashiwa de Hasubi

A warrior who appears in the "Nihon Shoki.&qu...

Tell Abu Shahrayn (English spelling)

…It was also important as a port near the Persian...

Oishi Ruins - Oishii Seki

A site from the final Jomon period in Oishi, Ogata...

Hemans

...There are very few nocturnal species in this g...

Mount Carmel

A hill range stretching from Cape Carmel, which fo...

Pros Romaious; The Letter to the Romans

One of Paul's letters in the New Testament. Al...

Upper limit - upper limit

〘noun〙① The upper limit. ⇔The lower limit. *Thinki...

Epomeo Volcano - Epomeo Volcano

...Area: 46 km2, population: 15,914 (1981). Epome...

Fernando III

1201‐52 King of Castile. Reigned 1217-52. Father o...

Aroman - Aroman

...They speak Aromanian (a dialect of Romanian) a...

DA - Dee A

Abbreviation for Desk Accessory. Software that is ...

Daemonorops draco (English spelling)

...Of these, the stems of the Asian genera Daemon...

Buddlejaceae

...In China, the flowers and stems are used for m...

Akiyama Yoshifuru

Year of death: November 4, 1930 Year of birth: Jan...