Ranzania japonica (T.Ito ex Maxim.) T.Ito

Japanese: トガクシソウ（英語表記）Ranzania japonica (T.Ito ex Maxim.) T.Ito

It is also known as Togakushi Shouma (illustration). Its name comes from the fact that it was first discovered in Togakushi, Shinshu. It is a perennial plant of the Berberidaceae family, endemic to Japan, with beautiful flowers. It is also known as the first Japanese plant to be given a scientific name by a Japanese taxonomist. It is about 30 cm tall, with several scale leaves at the base. Two of the leaves appear to be opposite each other, but are actually alternate. It is a compound trifoliate leaf. A cyme emerges between the two leaves. It flowers from late May to early June. It has nine sepals, with the inner six pale purple looking like petals.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

トガクシショウマと呼ばれることもある（イラスト）。名は信州戸隠で最初にみつかったことによる。花が美しい日本特産のメギ科の多年草。日本の植物ではじめて，日本人分類学者によって学名が与えられた植物としても知られる。　高さ30cm内外，基部に数枚の鱗片葉がある。葉は2枚が見かけ上，対生しているが互生。1回3出複葉。2枚の葉の間から集散花序が出る。花期は5月下旬～6月上旬。萼片9枚，内側の6枚が淡紫色となって花弁のようにみえる。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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