Tadaaki Ono

A swordsman in the early Edo period, and the founder of the Ono-ha Itto-ryu school. Commonly known as Jiroemon, his real name was Mikogami Tenzen. He was born in Awa (Chiba Prefecture). He is said to be a descendant of the powerful Toichi clan of Yamato (Nara Prefecture), and served Satomi Awa no Kami Yoshihiro during the time of his father Shige (Tosa). He loved swordsmanship from an early age, and studied under the traveling Ito Ittosai Kagehisa, traveling around the country, until he was finally taught the secret Kamewarito sword technique. In 1593 (Bunroku 2), at the age of 29, he went to Edo to meet Tokugawa Ieyasu, who employed him with a stipend of 200 koku and made him the swordsmanship teacher of his heir, Hidetada. At this time, he took his mother's surname and changed his name to Ono Jiroemon Tadaaki, and in 1600 (Keicho 5), he served Hidetada in the attack on Ueda in Shinshu, and was promoted to Otsukaiban (messenger) and Ometsuke (inspector), with a stipend of 800 koku. However, he was a very upright man, and during the Summer Siege of Osaka he fought with his colleagues and was ordered to stay in confinement. He was later pardoned, but he had his son Tadatsugu succeed him in the family and retired to his fief, Teradai Village, Hanyu County, Shimousa Province (Narita City, Chiba Prefecture).

[Ichiro Watanabe]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

江戸初期の剣術家、小野派一刀流の祖。通称次郎右衛門、前名神子上（御子神）典膳(みこがみてんぜん)。生国安房(あわ)（千葉県）。大和(やまと)（奈良県）の豪族十市(といち)氏の末裔(まつえい)と伝え、父重(しげ)（土佐）のとき里見安房守(あわのかみ)義弘に仕えたという。幼少のころから剣を好み、遊歴中の伊藤一刀斎景久(かげひさ)に師事して諸国を修行し、ついにその奥秘瓶割刀(かめわりとう)を伝授され、1593年（文禄2）29歳のとき江戸に出て徳川家康に謁し、200石をもって召し抱えられ、嗣子(しし)秀忠(ひでただ)の剣術の師となった。このとき母方の姓を継いで、小野次郎右衛門忠明と改名し、1600年（慶長5）秀忠に従って信州上田攻めに軍功があり、やがて累進して御使番(おつかいばん)、御目付兼役となり、800石を領した。しかし性剛直で、大坂夏の陣のとき同僚と争って閉門を命ぜられ、のち許されたが、家を子の忠常に継がせて知行地(ちぎょうち)の下総(しもうさ)国埴生(はぶ)郡寺台村（千葉県成田市内）に隠棲(いんせい)した。

［渡邉一郎］

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