The capital of Brescia Province in Lombardy, northern Italy. Located about 83 km east of Milan, it is a key transportation hub at the southern foot of the Alps. In ancient times it was called Brixia, and was ruled by Rome around 200 BC. In 27 BC a Roman colony was established. The orthogonal street layout retains the characteristics of the Roman period. In the 11th century it became a free city, and from 1167 it played a leading role in the Lombard League, but later succumbed to other powers, and was ruled by Venice from 1426 to 1797, and then by France and Austria. Until the 18th century it prospered through the manufacture of armor and weapons, and its products were supplied to all of Europe. Today, industries such as steel, aluminum, and clothing manufacturing are still thriving. Many old buildings remain in the Piazza del Foro in the city, and the Pinacoteca has a large collection of paintings by the Brescian school, which flourished in the 15th and 16th centuries. Population: 193,879 (2011 estimate). Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
イタリア北部,ロンバルディア州ブレシア県の県都。ミラノの東方約 83kmにあり,アルプス南麓を占める交通の要地。古代にはブリクシアと呼ばれ,前 200年頃にローマに支配され,前 27年にあらためてローマの植民地が建設された。直交する街路形態はローマ時代の特徴を残している。 11世紀には自由都市となり,1167年からロンバルディア同盟のなかでも指導的な活動を行なったが,のち他の勢力に屈し,1426~1797年にはベネチアにより,その後はフランス,オーストリアにより支配された。 18世紀にいたるまで甲冑,武器の製造によって繁栄し,製品は全ヨーロッパへ供給された。現在も鉄鋼,アルミニウム,衣類製造などの工業が盛ん。市内のデルフォロ広場には古い建築物が多く残っており,絵画館には 15~16世紀に栄えたブレシア派の絵画が多数収蔵されている。人口 19万3879(2011推計)。
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