Batumi (English spelling) Батуми/Batumi

Japanese: バトゥーミ - ばとぅーみ(英語表記)Батуми/Batumi
Batumi (English spelling) Батуми/Batumi

The capital of the Autonomous Republic of Adjara, part of Georgia. Population 124,000 (2002). It is a port city on the eastern shore of the Black Sea, and a pipeline has been laid from the Baku oil fields in the Republic of Azerbaijan, through which oil is transferred and exported. Passenger ships operate between the Black Sea cities of Sochi, Odessa, Istanbul, Trabzon, and others. There is also an airport, which connects the city to Moscow, Krasnodar, Krasnoyarsk, and Kiev in Ukraine. Industry is thriving, with factories producing oil refineries, petrochemicals, oil plants, ship repairs, electrical equipment, tea-making machinery, citrus canned fruit, and coffee. The climate is extremely warm and rainy, with average temperatures of 6.4°C in January and 23.2°C in August, and an annual precipitation of 2,500 mm, making it a resort city. There are numerous sanatoriums and resort hotels, as well as an aquarium, a dolphinarium, a theatre, the Ajar Ethnographic Museum, and a tropical and subtropical botanical garden near Cape Zelyonny in the northern outskirts.

It was occupied by Turkey in the 17th century, and after the Russo-Turkish War it came under Russian control in 1878. It developed after a pipeline was laid there between 1897 and 1907, and became the capital of the Adjar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (since 1990 the Adjara Autonomous Republic) when it was established in 1921.

[Kazuo Watanabe and Toshihiko Ueno]

[References] | Ajaria | Baku Oil Fields

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ジョージア(グルジア)に属するアジャーリア自治共和国の首都。人口12万4000(2002)。黒海の東岸に位置する港湾都市で、アゼルバイジャン共和国のバクー油田からパイプラインが引かれており、港から石油を移・輸出する。黒海周辺のソチ、オデッサ、イスタンブール、トラブゾンなどの諸都市との間には客船が就航している。また空港もあり、ロシア連邦のモスクワ、クラスノダール、クラスノヤルスク、ウクライナのキエフなどの諸都市と結ばれる。工業が盛んで、石油精製、石油化学、石油プラント製造、船舶修理、電気機器、製茶用機械、柑橘(かんきつ)類缶詰、コーヒー加工などの工場がある。平均気温は1月6.4℃、8月23.2℃、年降水量2500ミリメートルと気候はきわめて温暖多雨で、保養都市となっている。サナトリウム、保養宿泊施設は数多く、水族館、イルカ園、劇場、アジャール民族博物館、北郊ゼリョンヌイ岬付近に熱帯・亜熱帯植物園がある。

 17世紀にトルコが占領、ロシア・トルコ戦争を経た1878年ロシアが領有した。1897~1907年にパイプラインが引かれてから発展し、1921年アジャール自治ソビエト社会主義共和国(1990年よりアジャーリア自治共和国)が成立してその首都となった。

[渡辺一夫・上野俊彦]

[参照項目] | アジャーリア | バクー油田

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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